Transition of post-disaster housing of rural households: A case study of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal
Transition of post-disaster housing of rural households: A case study of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal
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农户灾后住房转型——以2015年尼泊尔廓尔喀地震为例
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101443
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Shrestha Bijaya Krishna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kotani Hitomu;Honda Riki;Imoto Saori;Shakya Lata;Shrestha Bijaya Krishna
为了实现发展中国家农村家庭的灾后恢复，有必要了解恢复条件和在决策过程中发挥重要作用的因素。我们的目的是（1）解释居民身份的转变（即，受灾家庭居住的场所或房屋类型）;（2）揭示影响住房决定的因素。我们采访了2015年尼泊尔廓尔喀地震受灾的124户农村家庭，以了解地震发生后长达两年半的居住状态转变。结果，观察到50多个过渡模式。社区内的社会关系在震后第一时间就被认为是最重要的，其次是物质资源和主观因素。财政资源在复苏的后期开始发挥影响力。地震发生一年后，修复或重建房屋的家庭数量增加。然而，那些搬到未经修缮的房屋的住户并没有升级到修缮或重建的房屋。这意味着，受影响家庭之间的居住地位差异甚至在他们离开临时住房并开始恢复进程之前就已经确定。我们的研究结果表明，为防止恢复差距，这是必不可少的，以支持个别家庭的恢复之前，社区开始的过程中，确定他们的优先事项和迫切需要，并考虑他们的环境条件。因此，本研究为灾后农村脆弱社区的有效恢复提供了实证数据。
To achieve post-disaster recovery of rural households in developing countries, it is necessary to understand the recovery conditions and the factors that play significant roles in the decision-making process. We aimed (1) to explain the transition of the residential status (i.e., type of places or houses in which affected households stay) after the disaster event and (2) to reveal the factors affecting the housing decisions. We interviewed 124 rural households in Nepal affected by the 2015 Gorkha earthquake to understand the residential status transition up to two and a half years after the earthquake. As a result, more than 50 transition patterns were observed. Social relations in the community were important immediately after the earthquake, followed by the physical resources and subjective factors. Financial resources became influential at a later stage of recovery. The number of households that repaired or rebuilt their houses boosted one year after the earthquake. However, the households who moved to unrepaired houses did not upgrade to repaired or rebuilt houses. This implies that the disparity in residential status among affected households had been determined even before they left the temporary houses and began the recovery process. Our results suggest that, for the prevention of recovery disparity, it is essential to support the recovery of individual households before the community starts the process, identifying their priorities and urgent needs and considering their circumstantial conditions. Thus, our study provides empirical data for effective recovery of vulnerable rural communities after disasters.