A Study of the Nature, Growth and Control of Bacteria in Cutting Compounds
A Study of the Nature, Growth and Control of Bacteria in Cutting Compounds
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切削液中细菌的性质、生长和控制的研究
DOI：
10.1128/jb.41.3.373-386.1941
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发表时间：
1941
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
A. C. Chandler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Melba Lee;A. C. Chandler
在金属切削和磨削中用作润滑剂和冷却剂的油水乳剂中大量的细菌生长已经给使用大量切削化合物的工业带来了许多麻烦和费用。这是由于(1)产生恶臭或酸味，使工人反感，(2)干扰混合物的乳化，(3)通常归因于皮炎和皮肤感染。根据麦康奈尔（1933）的说法，接触切割化合物的工人的油性皮炎首先以毛囊孔中的粉刺的形式出现。这些小结节被一到几毫米直径的红色黄斑疹包围，并发展成丘疹。麦康奈尔（1922）发现，在2060名接触过石油的工人中，有557人（27%）患有油性皮炎。另一方面，塔（1938）指出，在新英格兰的大型工厂中，发病率仅为0.1%至2.7%。已经提出了许多理论来解释皮炎。人们普遍认为，这是由感染引起的，尤其是在工人自己中间。在商店里流通的化合物很有可能被致病微生物污染，因为它流过工人的手，并聚集在机器周围的锅里，工人们经常向机器吐痰，有时也会站在机器里。另一方面，在原发病变部位通常没有明显的炎症，如果是由感染引起的，则会有明显的炎症。脓疱有时会形成，但不会形成
Heavy bacterial growth in oil-water emulsions used as lubricants and cooling agents in the cutting and grinding of metals has been the cause of much trouble and expense to industries using large amounts of cutting compounds. This is due (1) to development of foul or sour odorsobjectionable to the workers,(2) to interference with the emulsification of the mixture, and (3) to dermatitis and skin infections which are often attributed to it. The oil dermatitis of workers in contact with cutting compounds, according to McConnell (1933), makes its first appearance as comedones in the orifices of the hair follicles. These small nodules become surrounded by reddish macular eruptions from one to several millimeters in diameter, and develop into papules. McConnell (1922) found that of 2060 workers coming in contact with theoil, 557 (27 per cent) suffered from oil dermatitis. Tower (1938) on the other hand states that in large industrial plants in New England the incidence is only from 0.1 to 2.7 per cent.There have been a number of theories advanced to explain the dermatitis. It is a widely held view, particularly among the workers themselves, that it is due to infection. The compound in circulating through a shop has ample opportunity to become contaminated by pathogenic organisms as it flows over the hands of workers and collects in pans around the machines into which the men frequentlyspit, and in which they sometimes stand. On the other hand, there is ordinarily no apparent inflammation at the site of the primary lesion such as would be expected if it were due to infection. Pustules sometimes form, but not as a