Wind-Evoked Escape Running of the cricket Gryllus Bimaculatus: I. Behavioural Analysis
Wind-Evoked Escape Running of the cricket Gryllus Bimaculatus: I. Behavioural Analysis
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风诱发蟋蟀Gryllus Bimaculatus的逃逸奔跑：一、行为分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Hörner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Gras;M. Hörner
定量研究了拴系行走蟋蟀的自发行走和逃逸奔跑对直达腹部尾部的风的反应。
1.研制了一种光学记录气浮球体旋转的装置，用于测量昆虫的预期运动，具有高的线性和时间分辨率，而不需要机械地施加偏差。
2.0.35-2.2s的间歇间歇和0.5s-6s的步行时，在无定向提示的自发运动中，曲折路径上的运动模式变化很大。
3.对其中一个或两个风敏性脑区进行一次喷气可引起短时间跑，而连续的一连串喷气会导致持续的逃逸跑，并有远离刺激源的倾向。逃逸跑步的特征是一系列刻板印象的跑步回合和停顿，两者都比自发运动时记录的要短得多。
4.逃逸跑的前进速度和角速度与喷风频率在5~10赫兹范围内呈线性相关。这是由于站立阶段的缩短，而奔跑回合的持续时间是恒定的。反射式奔跑和逃逸奔跑的模式在很大程度上与风烟系列的占空比和风速无关。无论是单步还是长跑，都与刺激模式不同步。
5.在胸前神经节细胞内记录期间，部分解剖标本维持了自发行走和逃逸跑的行为模式，总体活动略有下降。每个被穿透的具有运动相关活动的局部神经元在步行和跑步比赛中的实际步频节奏中产生动作电位，但在逃逸跑中没有表现出特定的活动。然而，这些局部神经元中的一些在预期转弯之前或期间表现出尖峰频率的调制，并可能参与前胸腿的协调。
Spontaneous walking and escape running in response to wind puffs directed to the abdominal cerci were quantitatively studied in tethered walking crickets.
1. 1. An apparatus for optically recording rotations of an air-supported sphere was developed to measure the intended locomotion of insects with high linear and temporal resolution but without mechanically imposed bias.
2. 2. During spontaneous locomotion without sensory cues for orientation, alternate pauses of 0.35–2.2s and walking phases of 0.5–6s resulted in a highly variable pattern of locomotion on a meandering path.
3. 3. A single air puff to one or both of the wind-sensitive cerci evoked a short run, whereas a continuous sequence of puffs caused sustained escape running with a tendency to turn away from the stimulus source. Escape running was characterized by a series of stereotyped running bouts and pauses, both significantly shorter than those recorded during spontaneous locomotion.
4. 4. Forward speed and angular speed of escape running correlated linearly with the wind puff frequency between 5 and 10Hz. This was caused by a shortening of the standing phases, while the durations of the running bouts were constant. The reflex-like running bouts and the pattern of escape running were largely independent of the duty cycle of the wind puff series and the wind speed. Neither individual steps nor running bouts were synchronized with the stimulus pattern.
5. 5. The behavioural modes of spontaneous walking and escape running were maintained with a minor reduction in general activity in partly dissected specimens during intracellular recording in the prothoracic ganglion. Each impaled local interneurone with locomotion-related activity generated action potentials in the actual step rhythm of walking and running bouts, but did not show specific activity during escape running. Some of these local neurones, however, showed modulations of spike frequency before or during intended turns and may participate in the coordination of the prothoracic legs.
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987-11
期刊：
The Journal of experimental biology
影响因子：
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作者：
F. Delcomyn
通讯作者：
F. Delcomyn