Rural/Urban Migration and Unemployment: Theory and Policy Implications

Rural/Urban Migration and Unemployment: Theory and Policy Implications
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农村/城市移民和失业:理论和政策含义

DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-9787.2010.00670.x
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
Emerging Markets Economics: Macroeconomic Issues & Challenges eJournal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Y. Zenou
Y. Zenou
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Y. Zenou

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我们开发了一个地区性模型,在城市,失业是因为(效率)工资太高,而在农村地区,工人的工资是按照他们的边际生产率支付的。我们刻画了稳态平衡点,并证明了它是唯一的。然后我们考虑两项政策:减少城镇失业救济金和补贴城镇就业。我们发现,减少城市失业救济金创造了城市就业机会,减少了城乡移民,因为新移民必须失业一段时间才能在城市找到工作。另一方面,提高就业补贴增加了城镇就业,但也可能增加城镇失业率,因为这会引发更多的农村向城市迁移。在这方面,就业补贴政策可能会通过提高而不是降低城镇失业率来适得其反。
We develop a regional model where, in the city, unemployment prevails because of too high (efficiency) wages, while, in the rural area, workers are paid at their marginal productivity. We characterize the steady-state equilibrium and show that it is unique. We then consider two policies: decreasing urban unemployment benefits and subsidizing urban employment. We find that decreasing the unemployment benefit in the city creates urban jobs and reduces rural-urban migration since new migrants have to spend some time unemployed before they can find a job in the city. On the other hand, raising employment subsidies increases urban employment but may also increase urban unemployment because it triggers more rural-urban migration. In this respect, the employment subsidy policy can backfire by raising rather than reducing urban unemployment.
移民、摩擦性失业和改善福利的劳工政策
DOI: --
发表时间: 2004
期刊: Journal of Regional Science 44
影响因子: --
作者:
Akira Nishimori;Hikaru Ogawa;伊藤秀和;Yasuhiro Sato
通讯作者: Yasuhiro Sato
日韩企业数字家电的全球竞争(一)
DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊: 現代コリア 第462号
影响因子: --
作者:
古川一郎;上原渉;Kaoru Sugihara;坂野友昭(with Kevin E. Voss et al.);田中道雄;林廣茂;Takashi Oishi;田中 道雄;高井透;田中道雄;林廣茂
通讯作者: 林廣茂