Systematic regional variations in the loss of cortical cholinergic fibers in Alzheimer's disease
Systematic regional variations in the loss of cortical cholinergic fibers in Alzheimer's disease
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/6.2.165
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发表时间：
1996-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Mesulam, MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geula, C;Mesulam, MM
使用胆碱乙酰转移酶免疫组织化学和乙酰胆碱酯酶组织化学研究了阿尔茨海默病中皮质胆碱能纤维的损失。在正常大脑皮层和阿尔茨海默病大脑皮层中，两种方法都显示出相同的纤维染色模式。在正常大脑中，胆碱能纤维密度在边缘和旁边缘皮质区最高，在大多数感觉运动和关联区居中，在枕叶的初级视觉和视觉关联区最低。一般来说，颗粒上皮质层含有较高密度的胆碱能纤维，并且其中大部分是垂直定向的。在阿尔茨海默病中，检测到皮质胆碱能纤维总体损失 55%。然而，不同皮质区域的这种损失程度存在明显的区域差异。颞叶内的皮质区域，特别是颞联合区域，显示出胆碱能纤维的显着损失。相比之下，前扣带皮层、初级视觉、初级体感和初级运动皮层显示出相对保留的胆碱能纤维。总体而言，在颗粒上层和垂直于皮质表面的纤维中检测到更大的胆碱能纤维损失。这些结果表明，拟胆碱疗法可能对不同皮质区域的胆碱能传递产生不同的影响。导致阿尔茨海默氏病皮质胆碱能去神经支配区域差异的确切机制仍有待阐明。
The loss of cortical cholinergic fibers in Alzheimer's disease was investigated using choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry. Within both the normal and Alzheimer's cerebral cortex, the two methods revealed an identical pattern of fiber staining. In the normal brain, cholinergic fiber density was highest in limbic and paralimbic cortical zones, intermediate in most sensory-motor and association zones, and lowest within the primary visual and visual association areas of the occipital lobe. In general, supragranular cortical layers contained a higher density of cholinergic fibers, and most of these were oriented vertically. In Alzheimer's disease, an overall 55% loss of cortical cholinergic fibers was detected. There was, however, marked regional variations in the extent of this loss in different cortical areas. Cortical areas within the temporal lobe, particularly the temporal association areas, displayed a dramatic loss of cholinergic fibers. By contrast, the anterior cingulate cortex, primary visual, primary somatosensory, and primary motor cortex displayed a relative preservation of cholinergic fibers. As a whole, greater loss of cholinergic fibers was detected in supragranular layers and in fibers oriented vertical to the cortical surface. These results indicate that cholinomimetic therapies are likely to have different effects on cholinergic transmission in various cortical areas. The precise mechanisms that lead to the regional variations in cortical cholinergic denervation in Alzheimer's disease remain to be elucidated.