A NEGLECTED ASPECT OF CONSCIENCE: AWARENESS OF IMPLICIT ATTITUDES
A NEGLECTED ASPECT OF CONSCIENCE: AWARENESS OF IMPLICIT ATTITUDES
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/bioe.12058
复制
发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Fitzgerald, Chloe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fitzgerald, Chloe
在生物伦理学讨论中占据主导地位的良心概念狭隘地关注对明确态度产生的行为的私人监管。它忽略了提及内隐态度和社会反馈在意识到一个人的内隐态度中的作用。但是，如果良心是确保一个人的行为符合其道德价值观的一种方式，它必须对影响行为的心灵的各个方面作出反应。最近有大量的心理学研究证明了内隐态度对行为的影响。因此，拥有良好运作的良心的一个必要部分必须是除了一个人的明确态度之外，还必须意识到和调节一个人的隐含态度;这不可能由一个人孤立地完成。根据我对良心的修正概念，注意社会反馈，情感上的自我意识和自我监控对于拥有良好的良心很重要。保健专业人员可能需要具体的培训，以帮助他们发展和保持良好的良知，这应包括培养对隐性态度的认识，强调社会反馈和技术，以便更好地控制这些态度。
The conception of conscience that dominates discussions in bioethics focuses narrowly on private regulation of behaviour resulting from explicit attitudes. It neglects to mention implicit attitudes and the role of social feedback in becoming aware of one's implicit attitudes. But if conscience is a way of ensuring that a person's behaviour is in line with her moral values, it must be responsive to all aspects of the mind that influence behaviour. There is a wealth of recent psychological work demonstrating the influence of implicit attitudes on behaviour. A necessary part of having a well-functioning conscience must thus be awareness and regulation of one's implicit attitudes in addition to one's explicit attitudes; this cannot be done by an individual in isolation. On my revised conception of conscience, heeding social feedback, being emotionally self-aware and engaging in self-monitoring are important for the possession of a well-functioning conscience. Health professionals may need specific training to help them develop and maintain a well-functioning conscience, which should involve cultivation of awareness of implicit attitudes, emphasis on social feedback and techniques to enable better control over them.