Language/culture/mind/brain - Progress at the margins between disciplines
Language/culture/mind/brain - Progress at the margins between disciplines
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03478.x
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
De Boer, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuhl, PK;Tsao, FM;De Boer, B
在语言研究的前沿，新数据显示了婴儿在早期语言习得中的策略。数据显示，婴儿在会说话前的第一年就能感知到周围语言的关键方面。语言的统计和抽象特性是通过接触环境语言而获得的。此外，语言经验改变了婴儿对语言的感知，以一种增强母语语音处理的方式扭曲感知。婴儿的策略是出乎意料和不可预测的历史观点。与此同时，另外三个学科的研究有助于我们对语言的理解和儿童对语言的习得。文化人类学家正在展示跨文化称呼婴儿和儿童时成人言语行为的普遍性，这为成人说话者在儿童语言形成过程中所起的作用创造了一种新的观点。神经科学家利用现代脑成像技术，揭示了大脑处理语言的时间和结构方面，并提出了语言关键期的新观点。计算机科学家正在模拟儿童语言习得的计算方面，他们正在成功地使用受生物学启发的神经网络。尽管还不能给出一个一致的观点，但现在科学家们在追求人类最伟大的成就之一——语言——之间的跨学科互动是很有希望的。
At the forefront of research on language are new data demonstrating infants' strategies in the early acquisition of language. The data show that infants perceptually "map" critical aspects of ambient language in the first year of life before they can speak. Statistical and abstract properties of speech are picked up through exposure to ambient language. Moreover, linguistic experience alters infants' perception of speech, warping perception in a way that enhances native-language speech processing. Infants' strategies are unexpected and unpredicted by historical views. At the same time, research in three additional disciplines is contributing to our understanding of language and its acquisition by children. Cultural anthropologists are demonstrating the universality of adult speech behavior when addressing infants and children across cultures, and this is creating a new view of the role adult speakers play in bringing about language in the child. Neuroscientists, using the techniques of modern brain imaging, are revealing the temporal and structural aspects of language processing by the brain and suggesting new views of the critical period for language. Computer scientists, modeling the computational aspects of childrens' language acquisition, are meeting success using biologically inspired neural networks. Although a consilient view cannot yet be offered, the cross-disciplinary interaction now seen among scientists pursuing one of humans' greatest achievements, language, is quite promising.