Vaccination of boars with a GnRH vaccine (Improvac) eliminates boar taint and increases growth performance.
Vaccination of boars with a GnRH vaccine (Improvac) eliminates boar taint and increases growth performance.
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给公猪接种 GnRH 疫苗 (Improvac) 可消除公猪异味并提高生长性能。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
D. Hennessy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Dunshea;C. Colantoni;K. Howard;I. McCauley;P. Jackson;K. A. Long;S. Lopaticki;E. A. Nugent;J. Simons;J. Walker;D. Hennessy
围青春期和青春期后的公猪积累物质（例如，雄甾烯酮和粪臭素），这是猪肉中野猪味的原因。本研究的目的是评估GnRH疫苗，Escherac，在消除公猪污点的有效性。300头雄性（200头完整公猪，100头公猪）杂交（大白色x长白猪）猪用于2 x 3工厂安排的实验。相应的因素是性别组（公猪，公猪与安慰剂治疗，或公猪治疗与anesthetic）和屠宰年龄（23或26周）。在屠宰前8周和4周接种疫苗。所有给予阿托伐他汀的猪均表现出抗GnRH滴度。接受治疗的猪的睾丸和球尿道腺重量减少了约50%（P < 0.001），大多数接受治疗的野猪的血清睾酮水平低于2 ng/mL（2周和4周时两个年龄组分别为94%和92%））。通过皮下注射中雄烯酮和粪臭素的浓度评估公猪的污点。脂肪，被抑制到低或检测不到的水平，在100%的阿托伐他汀治疗公猪。没有任何一只接受过苯甲酸处理的猪具有显著浓度的雄烯酮（> 1.0微克/克）或粪臭素（> 0.20微克/克）。相比之下，49.5%的安慰剂治疗对照组有显着的雄烯酮和10.8%有显着的粪臭素水平，导致10%的对照公猪与高浓度的两种化合物。平均浓度的污染化合物在处理过的猪没有显着差异，从那些在公猪。在二次接种后4周内，与对照公猪相比，接种过百忧解的公猪生长更快（23周龄和26周龄屠宰的猪分别为P = 0.051和< 0.001），这可能是由于性活动和攻击活动减少。与阉公猪相比，添加甘草酸的公猪更瘦，饲料转化效率也更高，具有上级的特点。猪对疫苗耐受性良好，屠宰时未检测到可观察到的部位反应。通过对公猪接种疫苗，可以通过预防和控制公猪异味来生产具有改善的肉质的重型公猪。
Peri- and postpubertal boars accumulate substances (e.g., androstenone and skatole) in their fatty tissue that are responsible for boar taint in pork. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a GnRH vaccine, Improvac, in eliminating boar taint. Three hundred male (200 intact boars, 100 barrows) crossbred (Large White x Landrace) pigs were used in a 2 x 3 factorially arranged experiment. The respective factors were sex group (barrows, boars treated with placebo, or boars treated with Improvac) and slaughter age (23 or 26 wk). Vaccines were administered 8 and 4 wk before slaughter. All Improvac-treated pigs exhibited anti-GnRH titers. Testes and bulbo-urethral gland weights in treated pigs were reduced by approximately 50% (P < 0.001) and serum testosterone levels were below 2 ng/mL in the majority of treated boars (94 and 92% across both age groups at 2 and 4 wk, respectively). Boar taint, as assessed by the concentration of androstenone and skatole in s.c. fat, was suppressed to low or undetectable levels in 100% of Improvac-treated boars. No Improvac-treated pigs had significant concentrations of either androstenone (> 1.0 microg/g) or skatole (> 0.20 microg/g). In contrast, 49.5% of placebo-treated controls had significant androstenone and 10.8% had significant skatole levels, resulting in 10% of the control boars with high concentrations of both compounds. The mean concentrations of taint compounds in the Improvac-treated pigs were not significantly different from those in barrows. Improvac-treated boars grew more rapidly (P = 0.051 and < 0.001 for pigs slaughtered at 23 and 26 wk of age, respectively) than control boars over the 4 wk after the secondary vaccination, possibly because of reduced sexual and aggressive activities. Compared with barrows, Improvac-treated boars were leaner and had superior feed conversion efficiency. The vaccine was well tolerated by the pigs, and no observable site reactions could be detected at the time of slaughter. Vaccination of boars with Improvac allows production of heavy boars with improved meat quality through prevention and control of boar taint.