Our elemental footprint
Our elemental footprint
复制标题
我们的基本足迹
DOI：
10.1038/s41563-019-0334-3
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
41.2
通讯作者：
A. King
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. King
致编辑-今年是门捷列夫提出元素周期表150周年，它为我们提供了一种简单的方式来理解元素并对哪些元素可以存在进行限制。我们拥有大约100种稳定的元素可供我们使用，今天的技术依赖于越来越复杂的材料调色板；而单个材料是由越来越复杂的化学元素1混合而成的。我们对所有这些复杂性的控制是材料科学的胜利之一，但也有一些代价。啤酒罐最初由一种类型的钢制成，现在使用三种不同的铝合金和至少五种化学元素，提供分别针对罐体、顶部和弹出式标签进行优化的材料。饮料容器相对简单：当铝罐在1959年首次出现时，结构合金中含有三到四种元素的情况很少见；如今，随着材料科学推动关键材料性能的新纪录，含有八种或更多元素的情况很常见。第一部商用移动电话是摩托罗拉的DyaTAC 8000X，最初生产于1983年，它需要大约35种化学元素来制造(图1a)。不到40年后，现代智能手机的要求已经增长到65到70个元素之间(图1B)。我们正在接近这样一个点：我们的一些设备，特别是我们的“个人科技”及其迅速发展的智能和功能，将需要元素周期表中的每一种元素，希望除了有毒或放射性的元素。清洁能源技术已经不远了
To the Editor—This year marks the 150th anniversary of Mendeleev’s formulation of the periodic table, which gave us a simple way to understand the elements and placed limits on which ones can exist. With around 100 stable elements at our disposal, today’s technologies rely on an increasingly complex palette of materials; and individual materials are made from increasingly complex mixtures of chemical elements 1. Our command and control of all this complexity is one of triumphs of materials science, but it comes at some cost.Beer cans, originally made of a single type of steel, now use three distinct aluminium alloys and a total of at least five chemical elements, providing materials optimized individually for the can’s body, top and pop tab. And beverage containers are relatively simple: when aluminium cans first appeared in 1959, it was rare for a structural alloy to include more than three or four elements; today, it is common to have eight or more as materials science pushes forward to set new records for key materials’ properties. The first commercial mobile telephone was Motorola’s DynaTAC 8000X, initially produced in 1983, and it required around 35 chemical elements to manufacture (Fig. 1a). Less than four decades later, the requirements have grown to somewhere between 65 and 70 elements for a modern smartphone (Fig. 1b). We are approaching a point where some of our devices, particularly our ‘personal tech’with all of its burgeoning intelligence and functionality, will require every element in the periodic table except, hopefully, for the ones that are toxic or radioactive. Clean energy technologies are not far
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
McCall AS;Cummings CF;Bhave G;Vanacore R;Page-McCaw A;Hudson BG
通讯作者：
Hudson BG