Synchronized relationships between nitrogen release of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers and nitrogen requirements of cotton
Synchronized relationships between nitrogen release of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers and nitrogen requirements of cotton
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2015.09.001
复制
发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Zheng, Wenkui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geng, Jibiao;Ma, Qiang;Zheng, Wenkui
控释氮肥（CRNF）在许多生产系统中已被证明可以增加作物产量并提高肥料的氮（N）利用率。然而，CRNF的氮素释放与棉花氮素需求之间的同步关系研究很少。2012年和2013年，在大田条件下研究了聚合物包膜尿素（PCU）和聚合物包膜硫包膜尿素（PSCU）对棉花产量和养分吸收的影响。结果表明，控释氮肥的连续释放速率与棉株的氮素需求量相吻合。此外，控释氮肥的氮素释放速率与棉花全生育期的氮素需求量呈显著的线性相关。氮素释放速率与棉花产量、土壤无机氮含量、氮素利用率、氮素吸收总量和地上生物量呈显著正相关。单施PCU和PSCU处理的籽棉产量比单施尿素处理增产14.81-18.15%。但CRNF与U2（尿素分两次施用）之间差异不显著。控释氮肥虽未显著提高铃数和衣分，但铃重比尿素处理提高3.63-11.51%。与尿素处理相比，控释氮肥还能提高棉花对氮素的吸收和利用效率。控释氮肥还能提高土壤无机氮的供应量，尤其是盛花期至吐絮初期。结果表明，控释氮肥的释放速率曲线与棉花的需氮规律同步，是一种理想的控释氮肥释放规律。此外，它可以是经济和生态友好的，并广泛用于棉花生产。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
Controlled release nitrogen fertilizer (CRNF) has been shown to increase yield of crops and improve the nitrogen (N) use efficiency of fertilizer in a number of production systems. However, the synchronized relationships between N release of CRNF and N requirements of cotton were rarely studied. In the present study, the effects of two CRNF including polymer coated urea (PCU) and polymer coating of sulfur-coated urea (PSCU) on yield and nutrients uptake of cotton were investigated under field conditions in 2012 and 2013. The results indicated that the successive release rate of N from CRNF corresponded well to the N requirements of cotton plants. In addition, significant linear correlations between N release rate of CRNF and N requirements of cotton were observed during the whole growth periods of cotton. Moreover, the release rate showed significantly positive correlations with cotton yield, soil inorganic N content, N use efficiency, total N uptake and biomass of aboveground. The seed cotton yields in treatments which applied PCU and PSCU once were increased by 14.81-18.15% compared with U1 (urea applied as basal fertilizer). However, there was no significant difference between CRNF and U2 (twice-split applications of urea fertilizer). Although the numbers of bolls and lint percentage were not significantly enhanced by using CRNF, the boll weight was 3.63-11.51% higher than that in urea treatments. In addition, the N uptake and N use efficiency of cotton plant were improved by CRNF compared to the urea treatments. The inorganic N content supplied by soil was also enhanced by using CRNF, especially from full bloom stage to initial boll-opening stage. The results suggest that the release rate curves of CRNF were ideal patterns which could synchronize N release with N requirements pattern of cotton. In addition, it could be economical and eco-friendly and widely used for cotton production. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.