Performance of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Calculating the Flood Peak Discharge of Ephemeral Rivers Combined with the Incipient Motion of Moving Stones in Arid Ungauged Regions
Performance of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Calculating the Flood Peak Discharge of Ephemeral Rivers Combined with the Incipient Motion of Moving Stones in Arid Ungauged Regions
复制标题
无人机在干旱未测地区结合移动石块初动计算临时河流洪峰流量的性能
DOI：
10.3390/rs12101610
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发表时间：
2020-05
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
任霄玉
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
杨胜天;李超君;娄和震;王鹏飞;王娟;任霄玉
河流是生态系统平衡和人类活动的重要地表径流，但目前缺乏方便有效的方法来计算河流洪峰流量，特别是在无资料地区。本研究提出了一种利用无人机结合石块起动计算西北地区典型干旱无资料地区短河流峰值流量的新方法。在2017年和2018年旱季进行了两次实地调查。在计算滚石临界初速度时，对对数速度分布法和指数速度分布法进行了检验。结果表明，来自无人机数据的厘米级正射影像可以显示一年中短暂的河道中的石头的运动。通过下游涵洞的洪峰流量验证证实了该方法的有效性。指数流速分布法比对数流速分布法更好，与两个通道的水量无关。该方法在指数法和洪水明显（>20 m3/s）的河道组合中表现最好，相对准确度在10%以内。相比之下，在流量较小（约1 m3/s）的河道中，由于无人机数据的当前分辨率，发现的小移动石头数量有限，因此精度较低。通过识别较小的移动石头，特别是使用具有更好空间分辨率的无人机数据，可以进一步改善在小流量河道中的不良性能。所提出的方法是简单和灵活的应用与适当的精度。特别是随着无人机技术的迅速发展，在无资料地区的径流信息获取方面也有很大的应用潜力。
Ephemeral rivers are vital to ecosystem balance and human activities as essential surface runoff, while convenient and effective ways of calculating the peak discharge of ephemeral rivers are scarce, especially in ungauged areas. In this study, a new method was proposed using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) combined with the incipient motion of stones to calculate the peak discharge of ephemeral rivers in northwestern China, a typical arid ungauged region. Two field surveys were conducted in dry seasons of 2017 and 2018. Both the logarithmic and the exponential velocity distribution methods were examined when estimating critical initial velocities of moving stones. Results reveal that centimeter-level orthoimages derived from UAV data can demonstrate the movement of stones in the ephemeral river channel throughout one year. Validations with peak discharge through downstream culverts confirmed the effectiveness of the method. The exponential velocity distribution method performs better than the logarithmic method regardless of the amount of water through the two channels. The proposed method performs best in the combination of the exponential method and the river channel with evident flooding (>20 m3/s), with the relative accuracy within 10%. In contrast, in the river channel with a little flow (around 1 m3/s), the accuracies are weak because of the limited number of small moving stones found due to the current resolution of UAV data. The poor performance in the river channel with a little flow could further be improved by identifying smaller moving stones, especially using UAV data with better spatial resolution. The presented method is easy and flexible to apply with appropriate accuracy. It also has great potential for extensive applications in obtaining runoff information of ephemeral rivers in ungauged regions, especially with the quick advance of UAV technology.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
J. Bullard;G. McTainsh;P. Martin
通讯作者：
J. Bullard;G. McTainsh;P. Martin
DOI：
10.13101/ijece.3.27
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
International Journal of Erosion Control Engineering
影响因子：
--
作者：
Takashi Kimura;Sunao Watanabe;S. Kim;T. Marutani
通讯作者：
Takashi Kimura;Sunao Watanabe;S. Kim;T. Marutani
DOI：
10.1023/b:visi.0000029664.99615.94
发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
19.5
作者：
Lowe, DG
通讯作者：
Lowe, DG
中国西北干旱区艾比湖沉积物对人为和自然影响的地球化学响应
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ma L;Wu J;Abuduwaili J;Liu W
通讯作者：
Liu W
DOI：
10.1144/gsl.sp.2004.226
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Geological Society, London, Special Publications
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Malpas;C. Fletcher;J. Ali;J. Aitchison
通讯作者：
J. Malpas;C. Fletcher;J. Ali;J. Aitchison