Hormones that stimulate the growth of blood cells.
Hormones that stimulate the growth of blood cells.
复制标题
刺激血细胞生长的激素。
DOI：
10.1038/scientificamerican0788-62
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
J. Gasson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Golde;J. Gasson
在利未记中，圣经宣称”肉体的生命是在血中。“撇开隐喻意义不谈，这句话从字面上看是正确的：每种类型的血细胞都是生命所必需的。红细胞将氧气运送到组织中。白细胞（白色血细胞）保护身体免受病原体和肿瘤的侵害。直到最近，只有少数方法可以增强血细胞的功能：疫苗和更好的营养可以增强免疫防御;输血可以弥补失去的红细胞功能。在过去的几年里，一组激素的发现可能会改变这一切。这些蛋白质生长因子被称为造血激素或hemopoi etins，来自希腊语haima（血液）和poiein（制造）。事实上，制造血液正是这些激素的作用。所有不同类型的血细胞都是从一个称为干细胞的祖细胞发育而来的。造血素阵列中的每一种激素都能导致特定类别的血细胞产生，并“启动”它们，增强它们的功能。由于几种造血素的基因最近已被克隆出来，这些造血素现在可以大量生产，医生可能很快就能诱导特定类型的血细胞产生，作为一种常规的治疗方法。戈德和朱迪斯·C·加斯·森是加州大学洛杉矶医学院的同事，他们合作研究殖民地刺激因子。戈尔德是医学教授，现任血液肿瘤科主任，美国癌症研究所所长。洛杉矶艾滋病中心和美国艾滋病研究中心主任。CLA综合临床研究中心。加森是医学助理教授，是戈尔德领导的部门的副主任。
In Leviticus the Bible declares that" the life of the flesh is in the blood." Metaphorical significance aside, the statement is literally true: each type of blood cell is required for life. Erythrocytes (red blood cells) car ry oxygen to the tissues. Leukocytes (white blood cells) defend the body from pathogens and tumors. Until re cently only a few methods were avail able to bolster the functions of blood cells: vaccines and better nutrition boosted immune defenses; transfu sions might make up for lost red-cell function. Within the last few years a group of hormones have been discov ered that may change all that. These protein growth factors are known as hematopoietic hormones or hemopoi etins, from the Greek words haima (blood) and poiein (to make). Indeed, making blood is just what these hormones do. All the various types of blood cells develop from a single progenitor called a stem cell. Each hormone in the array of he· mopoietins causes specific classes of blood cells to be made and" primes" them, enhancing their function. Be cause genes for several hemopoietins have recently been cloned, these hor mones can now be made in quantity, and physicians may soon be able to elicit production of specific types of blood cells as a routine form of ther-DAVID W. GOLDE and JUDITH C GAS· SON are colleagues at the University of California at Los Angeles School of Med· icine who collaborate in research on the colony· stimulating factors. Golde, pro· fessor of medicine, serves as chief of the Division of Hematology· Oncology, di· rector of the U. CLA AIDS Center and director of the U. CLA General Clinical Research Center. Gasson, assistant pro· fessor of medicine, is associate director of the division Golde heads.