Minority status and mental distress: a comparison of group density effects.
Minority status and mental distress: a comparison of group density effects.
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少数群体的状态和精神困扰：群体密度效应的比较。
DOI：
10.1017/s0033291716001835
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发表时间：
2016-10
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Hatch, S. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schofield, P.;Das-Munshi, J.;Becares, L.;Morgan, C.;Bhavsar, V.;Hotopf, M.;Hatch, S. L.
据观察，精神病等精神障碍在某些族裔较少见的地区更常见。我们着手通过观察个人特征与当地通常特征不同的三种情况来测试这种种族密度效应是否反映了少数民族的总体状况。利用伦敦东南部社区健康研究（n = 1698）的数据，我们调查了少数群体身份（定义为：种族、家庭状况和职业社会阶层）与精神病经历、常见精神障碍和自杀风险之间的关联。我们使用多层次逻辑模型来研究个人和社区层面的少数群体地位之间的跨层次相互作用。在这种情况不太常见的地区（10%），黑人与精神病经历的几率较高[比值比（OR）1.34 95%置信区间（CI）1.07–1.67]和自杀未遂（OR 1.84 95% CI 1.19–2.85）相关。独居的情况较少见（减少 10%），与精神病经历的几率增加相关（OR 2.18 95% CI 0.91–5.26），而处于弱势社会阶层的情况较少（减少 10%），则与自杀未遂的几率增加相关（OR 1.33 95% CI 1.03–1.71）。我们没有发现任何证据表明与常见精神障碍有关。当以广泛的种族群体来定义时，少数民族地位与精神困扰之间的关系最为明显，但在个人家庭地位和职业社会阶层中也观察到了这种关系。
It has been observed that mental disorders, such as psychosis, are more common for people in some ethnic groups in areas where their ethnic group is less common. We set out to test whether this ethnic density effect reflects minority status in general, by looking at three situations where individual characteristics differ from what is usual in a locality. Using data from the South East London Community Health study (n = 1698) we investigated associations between minority status (defined by: ethnicity, household status and occupational social class) and risk of psychotic experiences, common mental disorders and parasuicide. We used a multilevel logistic model to examine cross-level interactions between minority status at individual and neighbourhood levels. Being Black in an area where this was less common (10%) was associated with higher odds of psychotic experiences [odds ratio (OR) 1.34 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.67], and attempted suicide (OR 1.84 95% CI 1.19–2.85). Living alone where this was less usual (10% less) was associated with increased odds of psychotic experiences (OR 2.18 95% CI 0.91–5.26), while being in a disadvantaged social class where this was less usual (10% less) was associated with increased odds of attempted suicide (OR 1.33 95% CI 1.03–1.71). We found no evidence for an association with common mental disorders. The relationship between minority status and mental distress was most apparent when defined in terms of broad ethnic group but was also observed for individual household status and occupational social class.