DESCENT OF TESTIS
DESCENT OF TESTIS
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DOI：
10.1136/adc.39.208.605
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发表时间：
1964-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
SCORER, CG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCORER, CG
这项研究是基于对男孩出生时、婴儿期和整个幼儿期的观察。它的目的是找出睾丸在出生时在阴囊中的频率，以及那些不在阴囊中的睾丸在以后的几年中发生了什么。对3,500多名男婴出生时的睾丸位置进行了分析。对1个月龄时一侧或双侧睾丸均不在阴囊内的患儿进行随访。为了尽可能接近地获得各种类型的下降失败的真实发生率，又增加了40例婴儿早期下降失败的病例。下降的标准在足月男婴出生时，睾丸通常位于阴囊内，距离5至8厘米。从耻骨嵴上位置随阴囊的收缩或放松状态而变化，但轻轻拉动睾丸可使睾丸下降至7或8厘米。测量从耻骨上前缘到睾丸中心。有时，睾丸位于腹股沟，仅仅是因为阴囊收缩;通过操作，睾丸可以被拉入阴囊并向远端移动几厘米。提睾反射在出生时还没有发育，在试图引出它时，最多能达到的是睾丸向上的瞬间轻弹。因此，如果睾丸是下降的，这是毫无疑问的。
This study is based on observations made on boys at birth, during infancy, and throughout early childhood. Its purpose was to find out how often the testes were in the scrotum at birth and what happened in later years to those that were not. An analysis of the position of the testes was made in over 3,500 infant boys at birth. Those in whom one or both testes were not in the scrotum at the age of 1 month were followed up. To this number a further 40 cases of failure of descent in early infancy have been added in order to obtain, as nearly as possible, a true incidenceof the various types of failure.Criteria of Descent At birth in the full-termbaby boy the testis is usually lying in the scrotum at a distance of between 5 and 8 cm. from the pubic crest. The position varies with the state of contraction or relaxation of the scrotum, but a gentle pull brings the testis down to 7 or 8 cm. The measurement is taken from the upper anterior edge of the pubic bone to the centre of the testis. Sometimes the testis is found to be lying in the groin simply because the scrotum is contracted; by manipulation, it can be drawn into the scrotum and distally for a few centimetres. The cremasteric reflex has not developed at birth and, in attempting to elicit it, the most that can be achieved is a momentaryflick upwards of the testis. For this reason if the testis is descended there is no doubt about it.