The red blood cell as an oxygen sensor: what is the evidence?
The red blood cell as an oxygen sensor: what is the evidence?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-201x.2000.00708.x
复制
发表时间：
2000-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ellsworth, ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellsworth, ML
氧气供应与需求的匹配需要在组织内存在能够感测组织氧气需求并诱导满足该需求所需的血管灌注的改变的机制。历史上，组织内的局部部位和血管本身已经被研究，而传感器部位未能被确定。在过去的十年里，研究集中在红细胞，氧气的有效载体，作为一个可能的候选人。红细胞显然能够感知氧气水平，因为它的血红蛋白去饱和程度（氧含量减少）与组织的需氧量密切相关。此外，许多研究表明，随着氧含量福尔斯下降和血红蛋白去饱和，红细胞能够释放增加量的腺苷5 '-三磷酸（ATP）。在脉管系统内，已显示管腔内ATP诱导血管扩张剂反应，该反应沿血管沿着传导，导致组织灌注增强。虽然红细胞作用的细节仍在调查中，但这里提出的证据支持了一个有趣的想法，即移动的红细胞本身可能能够在任何地方和任何时候增加血液流动和氧气输送。这种机制消除了对整个脉管系统中的感测部位的多样化网络的需求，并且应该提供适当地匹配氧气供应与需求的更有效的手段。
The matching of oxygen supply with demand requires the existence of a mechanism within the tissue capable of both sensing tissue oxygen need and inducing alterations in vascular perfusion necessary to meet that need. Historically, localized sites within the tissue and the vessels themselves have been investigated with the sensor site failing to be determined. Within the last decade, studies have focused on the red blood cell, the efficient carrier of oxygen, as a possible candidate. The red blood cell is clearly capable of sensing oxygen levels, as its extent of haemoglobin desaturation (decrease in oxygen content) is intimately tied with tissue oxygen demand. In addition, numerous studies have indicated that the red blood cell is capable of releasing increased amounts of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) as oxygen content falls and its haemoglobin becomes desaturated. Within the vasculature, intraluminal ATP has been shown to induce a vasodilator response which is conducted along the vessels resulting in augmentation of tissue perfusion. While details of the red blood cell's role are still under investigation, evidence presented here supports the intriguing idea that the mobile red blood cell may itself be able to augment blood flow and oxygen delivery wherever and whenever the need might arise. Such a mechanism eliminates the requirement for a diverse network of sensing sites throughout the vasculature and should provide a more efficient means of appropriately matching oxygen supply with demand.