Specific Climate Impact of Passenger and Freight Transport
Specific Climate Impact of Passenger and Freight Transport
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DOI：
10.1021/es9039693
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Fuglestvedt, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borken-Kleefeld, Jens;Berntsen, Terje;Fuglestvedt, Jan
短寿命物种的排放对交通运输的气候影响有很大影响。每种运输方式的影响程度随时间而变化。本文首先比较了当前客运和货运对气候的绝对影响。其次，将影响与所执行的运输工作归一化，并对模式进行比较。计算的综合辐射强迫和平均温度变化，不同的时间范围和各种措施的运输工作。可以为货运确定具体气候影响的明确排名，在计算的所有情况下，海运和铁路的具体影响最低，轻型卡车和空运的具体影响最高。乘坐火车、长途汽车或两轮和三轮车的旅客旅行平均对特定气候的影响最小，而且在短期内也是如此。航空旅行对短期变暖的具体影响最大，而对长期变暖的汽车旅行每千公里的影响相等或更高。
Emissions of short-lived species contribute significantly to the climate impact of transportation. The magnitude of the effects varies over time for each transport mode. This paper compares first the absolute climate impacts of current passenger and freight transportation. Second, the impacts are normalized with the transport work performed and modes are compared. Calculations are performed for the integrated radiative forcing and mean temperature change, for different time horizons and various measures of transport work. An unambiguous ranking of the specific climate impact can be established for freight transportation, with shipping and rail having lowest and light trucks and air transport having highest specific impact for all cases calculated. Passenger travel with rail, coach or two- and three-wheelers has on average the lowest specific climate impact also on short time horizons. Air travel has the highest specific impact on short-term warming, while on long-term warming car travel has an equal or higher impact per passenger-kilometer.