Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and minority composition are associated with better potential spatial access to the ground-truthed food environment in a large rural area
Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and minority composition are associated with better potential spatial access to the ground-truthed food environment in a large rural area
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/138.3.620
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Horel, Scott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sharkey, Joseph R.;Horel, Scott
人们对农村地区的空间不平等和潜在的粮食环境获取知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们评估了德克萨斯州6个县农村地区的食物环境，通过包括直接观测和现场全球定位系统技术在内的实地方法，研究了社区不平等（例如，社会经济剥夺和少数民族组成）与所有101个农村社区到最近的食品商店（FS）的网络距离之间的关系。利用2000年人口普查街区组（CBG）数据，从社会经济特征来确定邻里剥夺。计算了从每个CBG的人口加权中心到最近的超市、杂货店、便利店和折扣店的网络距离。多元回归模型检验了贫困、少数民族构成、人口密度和到最近FS的网络距离之间的关系。至最近超市的单程平均距离为14.9公里（范围0.12至54.0公里）。距离随着贫困程度、少数民族构成和人口密度的增加而减小。少数民族构成最严重的贫困社区与最近的FS具有更好的潜在空间可达性。大约20%的农村居民，他们的社区距离最近的超市或全线杂货店至少17.7公里，距离最近的便利店至少7.6公里。这使得购买食品成为一项挑战，特别是在缺乏公共交通的农村地区，许多人没有车辆进入。了解食品环境的潜在获取途径对于将环境办法与健康干预措施结合起来至关重要，以便家庭，特别是农村地区的家庭能够做出更健康的食品选择。
Little is known about spatial inequalities and potential access to the food environment in rural areas. In this study, we assessed the food environment in a 6-county rural region of Texas 0 1,567 km(2)) through ground-truthed methods that included direct observation and on-site Global Positioning System technology to examine the relationship between neighborhood inequalities (e.g., socioeconomic deprivation and minority composition) and network distance from all 101 rural neighborhoods to the nearest food store (FS). Neighborhood deprivation was determined from socioeconomic characteristics using 2000 census block group (CBG) data. Network distances were calculated from the population-weighted center of each CBG to the nearest supermarket, grocery, convenience, and discount store. Multiple regression models examined associations among deprivation, minority composition, population density, and network distance to the nearest FS. The median distance to the nearest supermarket was 14.9 km one way (range 0.12 to 54.0 km). The distance decreased with increasing deprivation, minority composition, and population density. The worst deprived neighborhoods with the greatest minority composition had better potential spatial access to the nearest FS. For > 20% of all rural residents, their neighborhoods were at least 17.7 km from the nearest supermarket or full-line grocery or 7.6 km from the nearest convenience store. This makes food shopping a challenge, especially in rural areas that lack public transportation and where many have no vehicular access. Knowledge of potential access to the food environment is essential for combining environmental approaches and health interventions so that families, especially those in rural areas, can make healthier food choices.