Effects of body size and timing of reproduction on reproductive success in female natterjack toads (Bufo calamita)
Effects of body size and timing of reproduction on reproductive success in female natterjack toads (Bufo calamita)
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体型大小和繁殖时间对雌性黑斑蟾蜍 (Bufo calamita) 繁殖成功率的影响
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Tejedo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Tejedo
这项研究估计了雌性黑斑蟾蜍（Bufo calamita, Laurenti, 1768）繁殖成功率的变异性，作为其体型和繁殖时间的函数。分析了繁殖成功的两个组成部分：繁殖力和变态成功。生育力作为体型的函数，往往呈指数增长。一旦体型得到统计控制，年龄的影响就可以忽略不计。卵子大小也与雌性体型有关，但变化较大。变态的成功取决于繁殖的时间。后来的繁殖者的变态成功率呈指数下降，因为雌性在最近充满的池塘中产卵，但持续时间短暂。由于雌性体型随着繁殖季节的进行而减小，因此可以推断较大的、早期繁殖的雌性将具有不同的繁殖成功率。繁殖时间和体型之间的反比关系可能基于卵黄发生的能量生理学，以及生长能量分配（体型较小的雌性更高）和繁殖之间的潜在权衡。
This study estimated variability in components of reproductive success in female natterjack toads (Bufo calamita, Laurenti, 1768) as a function of their body size and timing of reproduction. Two components of reproductive success were analysed: fecundity and metamorphic success. Fecundity, as a function of body size, tended to increase exponentially. Age had a negligible effect once body size was statistically controlled. Egg size was also related to female body size but showed greater variation. Metamorphic success depended on the timing of reproduction. Later breeders suffered an exponential decline in metamorphic success because females spawned at recently-filled ponds of ephemeral duration. Since female body size decreased as the breeding season progressed, it may be inferred that larger, early-breeding females would have a differential reproductive success. The inverse relationship between the timing of reproduction and body size may be based on the energetic physiology of vitellogenesis, and on the potential trade-offs between the allocation of energy to growth—higher in smaller females—and reproduction.