The impact of state legalization on rates of marijuana use in pregnancy in a universal drug screening population
The impact of state legalization on rates of marijuana use in pregnancy in a universal drug screening population
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DOI：
10.1080/14767058.2020.1765157
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发表时间：
2020-05-14
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Rao, Rashmi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Emily;Pluym, Ilina D.;Rao, Rashmi
目的：评估国家合法化率对普遍药物筛查人群中妊娠期大麻使用的影响。研究方法：这是一项2016年7月至2018年12月的回顾性队列研究，研究对象是2018年1月1日加州娱乐性大麻合法化前后接受大麻使用普遍药物筛查的孕妇。还评估了与使用相关的母亲医疗状况和新生儿结局。使用Student t检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验和多元线性回归进行统计分析。结果：在466名妇女中，通过尿液药物检测证实的怀孕期间首次使用大麻的合法化后从6%增加到11%（p = 0.05）。与大麻使用相关的因素包括年龄较小、白色或黑色种族、单身婚姻状况、精神疾病、亲密伴侣暴力以及伴随的烟草和酒精使用。在这项研究中，73%的用户停止使用大麻，随后出现负UDT。在调整其他危险因素后，早产、小于胎龄儿、新生儿重症监护室（NICU）入院或Apgar评分的发生率无统计学差异。结论：大麻合法化后，接受普遍药物筛查的孕妇使用大麻的比例增加。使用者和非使用者之间的新生儿结局没有差异。
Objective: To evaluate the effect of state legalization of rate on marijuana use in pregnancy in a population with universal drug screening. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study from July 2016 to December 2018 of pregnant women who had universal drug screening of marijuana use before and after legalization of recreational marijuana in California on 1 January 2018. Maternal medical conditions and neonatal outcomes associated with usage were also evaluated. Student's t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analyses. Results: Of 466 women, initial marijuana usage in pregnancy confirmed by urine drug test increased after legalization from 6 to 11% (p = .05). Factors associated with marijuana usage included younger age, white or black race, single marital status, psychiatric disorders, intimate partner violence and concomitant tobacco and alcohol use. 73% of users in this study had cessation of marijuana use with subsequent negative UDT. There was no statistical difference in rates of preterm birth, small for gestational age, NICU admission, or Apgar scores, when adjusted for other risk factors. Conclusion: Rates of marijuana usage in pregnant women who underwent universal drug screening increased after legalization. There were no differences in neonatal outcomes between users and non-users.