What the Face Displays: Mapping 28 Emotions Conveyed by Naturalistic Expression
What the Face Displays: Mapping 28 Emotions Conveyed by Naturalistic Expression
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DOI：
10.1037/amp0000488
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Keltner, Dacher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cowen, Alan S.;Keltner, Dacher
面部和身体表达了什么样的情感？在新的概念和定量方法（Cowen，Elfenbein，Laukka，& Keltner，2018; Cowen & Keltner，2017，2018）的指导下，我们探索了面部-身体表达中识别的情绪分类。参与者（N = 1，794; 940名女性，年龄18-76岁）根据情绪类别，评价，自由反应和生态有效性来判断1，500张面部-身体表情照片中捕获的情绪。我们发现，面部-身体表情可以可靠地表示日常生活中至少28种不同类型的情绪。情绪类别比评价（如效价和唤醒）更能组织情绪识别。然而，在自然主义的面部和身体行为中识别出的情感类别并不是离散的，而是由平滑的梯度连接起来的，这些梯度对应于意义的连续变化。我们的研究结果支持了一个新颖的观点，即情绪占据了一个由平滑梯度的意义桥接的高维空间。他们提供了一个近似的面部表情分类，在一个在线交互式地图可视化。
What emotions do the face and body express? Guided by new conceptual and quantitative approaches (Cowen, Elfenbein, Laukka, & Keltner, 2018; Cowen & Keltner, 2017, 2018), we explore the taxonomy of emotion recognized in facial-bodily expression. Participants (N = 1,794; 940 female, ages 18-76 years) judged the emotions captured in 1,500 photographs of facial-bodily expression in terms of emotion categories, appraisals, free response, and ecological validity. We find that facial-bodily expressions can reliably signal at least 28 distinct categories of emotion that occur in everyday life. Emotion categories, more so than appraisals such as valence and arousal, organize emotion recognition. However, categories of emotion recognized in naturalistic facial and bodily behavior are not discrete but bridged by smooth gradients that correspond to continuous variations in meaning. Our results support a novel view that emotions occupy a high-dimensional space of categories bridged by smooth gradients of meaning. They offer an approximation of a taxonomy of facial-bodily expressions, visualized within an online interactive map.