Ultrastructure of the Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis Biofilm.
Ultrastructure of the Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis Biofilm.
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鸟分枝杆菌亚种的超微结构。hominissuis生物膜。
DOI：
10.1264/jsme2.me20128
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Nishiuchi Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishiuchi Y
鸟分枝杆菌人分枝杆菌（MAH）是引起人类慢性肺病的最常见的非结核分枝杆菌病原体之一。它广泛分布于自然和生活环境中的生物膜中。它被认为是从环境中传播的。尽管其在公共卫生中的重要性，但MAH生物膜的超微结构在很大程度上仍然未知。本文报道了在浴缸入口处自然形成的含MAH的多物种生物膜的超微结构，沿着在实验室中形成的小菌落和表膜的单培养生物膜的超微结构。扫描电子显微镜显示基本上是多层浴缸生物膜，挤满了球菌和短，长杆连接的细胞外基质（ECM）。在生物膜块周围观察到散在的分枝杆菌样杆状细胞。MAH单培养物生物膜在体外由小菌落形成，表现出覆盖有薄膜状ECM膜的平坦层的组装体。观察到许多小细菌细胞（长度为0.76±0.19μm），但未嵌入ECM中。糖肽脂缺陷型菌株没有形成层状ECM膜结构，表明其在生物膜形成中的重要作用。表膜生物膜也由覆盖有ECM膜的扁平层细胞和小细胞组成。MAH单独产生覆盖有ECM膜的平坦层状生物膜。这种独特的结构可能适合抵抗水流和消毒剂，并排除快速增长的竞争对手，生物膜中的小细胞可能有助于生物气溶胶的形成和传播。
Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) is one of the most common nontuberculous mycobacterial pathogens responsible for chronic lung disease in humans. It is widely distributed in biofilms in natural and living environments. It is considered to be transmitted from the environment. Despite its importance in public health, the ultrastructure of the MAH biofilm remains largely unknown. The ultrastructure of a MAH-containing multispecies biofilm that formed naturally in a bathtub inlet was herein reported along with those of monoculture biofilms developed from microcolonies and pellicles formed in the laboratory. Scanning electron microscopy revealed an essentially multilayered bathtub biofilm that was packed with cocci and short and long rods connected by an extracellular matrix (ECM). Scattered mycobacterium-like rod-shaped cells were observed around biofilm chunks. The MAH monoculture biofilms that developed from microcolonies in vitro exhibited an assembly of flat layers covered with thin film-like ECM membranes. Numerous small bacterial cells (0.76±0.19 μm in length) were observed, but not embedded in ECM. A glycopeptidolipid-deficient strain did not develop the layered ECM membrane architecture, suggesting its essential role in the development of biofilms. The pellicle biofilm also consisted of flat layered cells covered with an ECM membrane and small cells. MAH alone generated a flat layered biofilm covered with an ECM membrane. This unique structure may be suitable for resistance to water flow and disinfectants and the exclusion of fast-growing competitors, and small cells in biofilms may contribute to the formation and transmission of bioaerosols.