The relative contributions of race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, health, and social relationships to life satisfaction in the United States.
The relative contributions of race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, health, and social relationships to life satisfaction in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11136-008-9426-2
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发表时间：
2009-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wayment HA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barger SD;Donoho CJ;Wayment HA
评估种族/民族在生活满意度方面的差异以及社会经济地位（SES;教育，收入，就业状况，财富），健康和社会关系（社会关系，情感支持）对种族/民族内部和跨种族/民族的福祉的相对贡献。在美国成年人的两个代表性横截面样本中（2001年全国健康访谈调查和2007年行为风险因素监测系统;合并n > 350，000），我们比较了白人，西班牙裔和黑人的生活满意度。我们还评估了SES、健康和社会关系“解释”种族/民族差异的程度，并比较了这些群体之间和内部生活满意度决定因素解释的变化幅度。相对于白人，黑人和西班牙裔都不太可能非常满意。黑人更有可能报告自己不满意。这些差异随着社会经济地位、健康和社会关系的调整而减少或消除。社会经济地位和健康共同解释了12-15%的生活满意度变化，而社会关系解释了另外10- 12%的变化。黑人和西班牙裔存在种族/族裔生活满意度差异，当比较那些报告“满意”到“非常满意”与“不满意”到“满意”时，这些差异最大。社会经济地位，健康和社会关系始终与生活满意度，情感支持与生活满意度的关联最强。
To evaluate racial/ethnic disparities in life satisfaction and the relative contributions of socioeconomic status (SES; education, income, employment status, wealth), health, and social relationships (social ties, emotional support) to well-being within and across racial/ethnic groups. In two cross-sectional, representative samples of U.S. adults (the 2001 National Health Interview Survey and the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; combined n > 350,000), we compared life satisfaction across Whites, Hispanics, and Blacks. We also evaluated the extent to which SES, health, and social relationships ‘explained’ racial/ethnic group differences and compared the magnitude of variation explained by life satisfaction determinants across and within these groups. Relative to Whites, both Blacks and Hispanics were less likely to be very satisfied. Blacks were somewhat more likely to report being dissatisfied. These differences were reduced or eliminated with adjustment for SES, health, and social relationships. Together, SES and health explained 12–15% of the variation in life satisfaction, whereas social relationships explained an additional 10– 12% of the variance. Racial/ethnic life satisfaction disparities exist for Blacks and Hispanics, and these differences are largest when comparing those reporting being ‘satisfied’ to ‘very satisfied’ versus ‘dissatisfied’ to ‘satisfied.’ SES, health, and social relationships were consistently associated with life satisfaction, with emotional support having the strongest association with life satisfaction.
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