Seasonal differences in at-sea activity of seabirds underline high energetic demands during the breeding period
Seasonal differences in at-sea activity of seabirds underline high energetic demands during the breeding period
复制标题
海鸟海上活动的季节差异凸显了繁殖期的高能量需求
DOI：
10.1007/s10336-009-0459-2
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
S. Garthe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Markones;V. Dierschke;S. Garthe
我们评估了北海东南部小黑背鸥Larus fuscus、黑腿三趾鸥里萨三趾鸥和普通海鸠Uria aalge海上活动的季节差异。这三个物种对应于不同的生态群体，小黑背鸥代表杂食性的通才，三趾鸥代表水面觅食的远洋海鸟，海鸠代表追逐潜水的远洋海鸟。利用空中调查的数据，我们区分了活跃行为（飞行或在渔船上拾荒）和不活跃行为（游泳）。我们估计的活动预算的所有三个物种的不同季节和测试不同季节之间的活动差异。所有物种的活动都表现出明显的季节性差异，在繁殖季节观察到的活动水平最高。然而，在秋季，由于换羽和在海上保护尚未羽翼丰满的雏鸟，海雀的数量异常低。我们的研究结果强调了繁殖季节的高能量需求，导致觅食和旅行活动增加。
We assessed seasonal differences in at-sea activity of Lesser Black-backed Gulls Larus fuscus, Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla and Common Guillemots Uria aalge in the south-eastern North Sea. The three species correspond to different ecological groups, with Lesser Black-backed Gulls representing omnivorous generalists, Kittiwakes representing surface-feeding pelagic seabirds, and Guillemots representing pursuit-diving pelagic seabirds. Using data from aerial surveys, we differentiated between active (flying or scavenging at fishing vessels) and inactive behaviour (swimming). We estimated the activity budgets of all three species for the different seasons and tested for differences in activity between different seasons. All species exhibited significant seasonal differences in activity, with the highest levels of activity observed during the breeding season. Numbers of flying auks were, however, exceptionally low in autumn due to moult and guarding of not-yet fledged chicks at sea. Our results underline the high energetic demands of the breeding season that lead to increased foraging and travelling activity.