Fos expression in arousal and reward areas of the brain in grass rats following induced wakefulness
Fos expression in arousal and reward areas of the brain in grass rats following induced wakefulness
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.03.011
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Nunez, Antonio A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Castillo-Ruiz, Alexandra;Nunez, Antonio A.
在白天的草大鼠夜间自愿觉醒诱导Fos的表达在特定的细胞群体的觉醒和奖励的大脑区域。在这里，我们评估了无意识觉醒是否会导致类似的Fos表达模式。我们评估了这个问题，使用雄性草大鼠睡眠剥夺6小时的温和刺激（SD组），开始前2小时熄灯（12：12 LD周期）。然后，我们研究了Fos在基底前脑（BF）的胆碱能细胞中的表达，以及在多巴胺能细胞的奖励系统，并将这些结果进行比较，从一个不受干扰的对照组。与以往清醒状态下草鼠的实验结果不同，SD动物的BF仅在内侧隔（MS）的非胆碱能神经元中表现出Fos表达的显著增加。这些观察结果不同于夜间啮齿动物被剥夺睡眠的报告。因此，我们的研究结果表明，自愿和诱导觉醒对涉及觉醒和奖励的神经系统有不同的影响，睡眠剥夺的影响在物种之间是不同的。我们还调查了其他唤醒促进区域和昼夜节律和压力相关区域是否通过改变Fos表达水平对睡眠剥夺作出反应。在这些领域中，只有外侧下丘脑（LH）和腹外侧视前区表现出显着的影响，睡眠剥夺后2小时的睡眠恢复期消散，因为它也是这种情况下的非胆碱能MS。此外，我们发现，Fos在LH中的表达与Fos在其他唤醒和奖励领域的大脑中的表达强烈相关。这与LH的唤醒系统调节大脑其他唤醒区域的神经活动的观点一致，如对夜间啮齿动物的描述。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
In the diurnal grass rat nocturnal voluntary wakefulness induces Fos expression in specific cellular populations of arousal and reward areas of the brain. Here, we evaluated whether involuntary wakefulness would result in similar patterns of Fos expression. We assessed this question using male grass rats that were sleep deprived for 6 h by gentle stimulation (SD group), starting 2 h before lights off (12:12 LD cycle). Then, we examined expression of Fos in cholinergic cells of the basal forebrain (BF), as well as in dopaminergic cells of the reward system, and compared these results to those obtained from an undisturbed control group. Different from previous results with grass rats that were voluntary awake, the BF of SD animals only showed a significant increase in Fos expression in non-cholinergic neurons of the medial septum (MS). These observations differ from reports for nocturnal rodents that are sleep deprived. Thus, our results show that voluntary and induced wakefulness have different effects on neural systems involved in wakefulness and reward, and that the effects of sleep deprivation are different across species. We also investigated whether other arousal promoting regions and circadian and stress related areas responded to sleep deprivation by changing the level of Fos expression. Among these areas, only the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the ventro lateral preoptic area showed significant effects of sleep deprivation that dissipated after a 2 h period of sleep recovery, as it was also the case for the non-cholinergic MS. In addition, we found that Fos expression in the LH was robustly associated with Fos expression in other arousal and reward areas of the brain. This is consistent with the view that the arousal system of the LH modulates neural activity of other arousal regions of the brain, as described for nocturnal rodents. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.