Escherichia coli swim on the right-hand side
Escherichia coli swim on the right-hand side
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DOI：
10.1038/nature03660
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发表时间：
2005-06-30
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Whitesides, GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DiLuzio, WR;Turner, L;Whitesides, GM
氮周鞭毛细菌靠近表面的运动与理解生物膜形成和致病性感染的早期阶段有关（1-4）。这种运动不同于细胞在自由溶液中的随机行走轨迹。单个大肠杆菌细胞在平面玻璃表面沿顺时针的圆形轨迹游动（6,7）。在半固体琼脂基质上，细胞分化成细长的、高鞭毛的表型，并在表面上协同迁移(8)，这种现象称为蜂群。我们开发了一种技术，用于观察分离的大肠杆菌群集细胞(9)在琼脂底物上的移动，并限制在浅氧化聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）微通道中。在这里，我们展示了这些微通道中的细胞优先“向右行驶”，优先沿着微通道的右壁游动（从移动细胞的后面观察，琼脂在底部）。我们提出，当细胞被限制在两个界面之间时——一个是琼脂凝胶，另一个是PDMS，它们游得更靠近琼脂表面，而不是PDMS表面（并且时间更长），导致微通道右侧的优先运动。因此，材料的选择指导了微通道中细胞的运动。
The motion of peritrichously flagellated bacteria close to surfaces is relevant to understanding the early stages of biofilm formation and of pathogenic infection(1-4). This motion differs from the random-walk trajectories(5) of cells in free solution. Individual Escherichia coli cells swim in clockwise, circular trajectories near planar glass surfaces(6,7). On a semi-solid agar substrate, cells differentiate into an elongated, hyperflagellated phenotype and migrate cooperatively over the surface(8), a phenomenon called swarming. We have developed a technique for observing isolated E. coli swarmer cells(9) moving on an agar substrate and confined in shallow, oxidized poly( dimethylsiloxane) ( PDMS) microchannels. Here we show that cells in these microchannels preferentially 'drive on the right', swimming preferentially along the right wall of the microchannel ( viewed from behind the moving cell, with the agar on the bottom). We propose that when cells are confined between two interfaces - one an agar gel and the second PDMS they swim closer to the agar surface than to the PDMS surface ( and for much longer periods of time), leading to the preferential movement on the right of the microchannel. Thus, the choice of materials guides the motion of cells in microchannels.