Embryology of Biebersteinia (Biebersteiniaceae, Sapindales): characteristics and comparisons with related families.
Embryology of Biebersteinia (Biebersteiniaceae, Sapindales): characteristics and comparisons with related families.
复制标题
Biebersteinia（Biebersteiniaceae，无患子目）的胚胎学：特征以及与相关科的比较。
DOI：
10.1007/s10265-014-0645-z
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Tobe H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamamoto T;Vassiliades DD;Tobe H
Biebersteinia是一种多年生草本植物，由五个物种组成，分布于希腊到中亚，长期以来被认为是天竺葵科植物或其附近的植物。然而，最近的分子分析表明，该属是无叶菊科(不包括天葵科)中唯一的Biebersteiniaceae成员。在这里，我们报告了比伯斯汀的胚胎学特征，并为该属的分子智人亲缘关系提供了胚胎学佐证。我们比较了它与Sapindales的其他8个科的胚胎学，以及与Huerteales，Malvales和Brassicales的近缘目的胚胎学。总体比较表明，Sapindales中的Biebersteiniafits是因为存在具有多倍体核团的花药绒毡层细胞和非纤维状的外皮。此外，该属的特征是三细胞花粉粒，四分孢子16核的Penaea型雌配子体，单珠被胚珠，假受精，合点位置在受精后的凹面附近移动。相当多的自体同形，再加上缺乏与其他萨宾达人家族的同构，支持将比伯斯坦人安置在自己的家族中。Biebersteiniaceae似乎代表了Sapindales的一个早期发散的谱系。以前对种皮的描述，被认为是从“双珠被”胚珠发育而来的，被修改了。
Biebersteinia, a perennial herb of five species distributed from Greece to Central Asia, was long considered to be placed in, or near Geraniaceae. Recent molecular analyses, however, have shown that the genus is the sole member of the family Biebersteiniaceae in Sapindales (not including Geraniaceae). Here, we report the embryological features ofBiebersteiniaand provide embryological corroboration for the molecular sapindalean affinities of the genus. We compared its embryology with those of eight other families of Sapindales, as well as with those of the related orders Huerteales, Malvales, and Brassicales. Overall comparisons showed thatBiebersteiniafits in Sapindales because of the presence of anther tapetal cells with polyploid nuclear mass and non-fibrous exotegmen. Further, the genus is characterized by three-celled pollen grains, tetrasporic 16-nucleate Penaea-type female gametophyte, unitegmic ovules, pseudoporogamy, and the chalaza shifting its position near the concave side in the post-fertilization stage. A considerable number of autapomorphies, combined with the lack of synapomorphies with other sapindalean families, supports placingBiebersteiniain its own family. Biebersteiniaceae appear to represent an early divergent lineage of Sapindales. Previous descriptions of seed coats, which were considered to have developed from “bitegmic” ovules, were revised.