Extracting the practices of paleogenomics: A study of ancient DNA labs and research in relation to Native Americans and Indigenous peoples
Extracting the practices of paleogenomics: A study of ancient DNA labs and research in relation to Native Americans and Indigenous peoples
复制标题
提取古基因组学的实践：对古代 DNA 实验室的研究以及与美洲原住民和土著人民相关的研究
DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.24714
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Colwell, Chip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cortez, Amanda Daniela;Lippert, Dorothy;Davis, Jenny L.;Nicholas, George;Malhi, Ripan S.;Weyrich, Laura S.;Claw, Katrina G.;Bader, Alyssa C.;Colwell, Chip
目标：古基因组学领域发展迅速，影响了一系列科学领域，并引起了公众的注意。在美国，这项工作对印第安人来说尤其重要，他们经常是古代DNA分析的对象，但很少被作为研究人员、合作者或顾问。本文旨在加深我们对古基因组学现状的理解，以便该领域能够将土著人民及其经验、知识和研究过程中的利害关系作为中心。材料和方法：我们对来自北美和欧洲三个古基因组学实验室的研究人员进行了31次半结构化访谈。我们采用了响应式访谈技术，访谈类似于围绕一系列问题的对话，这些问题可以根据受访者的答案和经历而改变。然后，我们采用了基于主题的访谈分析。结果：通过这一分析，我们能够确定与培训、实验室和项目结构、同意、数据控制、祖先关怀和资金相关的领域实践，这些实践影响着与土著人民的各种形式的接触，并促进或界定了对后代社区的道德承诺。讨论：本研究不仅阐明了古基因组学实验室的当代实践，而且还确定了潜在干预的具体领域，以帮助研究人员与土著人民进行伦理和合作的古基因组学研究。利用这些结果，研究人员和社区倡导者可以努力将古基因组学领域重新定位为与土著人民进行伦理研究。
Objectives: The field of paleogenomics has rapidly grown, influencing a range of scientific fields and drawing notice from the public. In the United States, this work is especially salient for Native Americans, who are frequently the subject of ancient DNA analyses, but are less frequently included as researchers, collaborators, or advisors. This article seeks to deepen our understanding of the current state of paleogenomics so that the field can center Indigenous peoples and their experiences, knowledges, and stakes in the research process. Materials and Methods: We conducted 31 semi-structured interviews with researchers from three paleogenomics labs located in North America and Europe. We used a responsive interviewing technique where the interview resembled a conversation around a set of questions that could change depending upon the interviewee's answers and experiences. We then employed a theme-based analysis of the interviews.Results: Through this analysis, we are able to identify practices in the field related to training, the structuring of labs and projects, consent, data control, Ancestor care, and funding that influence various forms of engagement with Indigenous peoples, and which foster or delimit ethical commitments to descendant communities. Discussion: This research not only elucidates contemporary practices in paleogenomics labs but also identifies specific areas of potential intervention to help researchers work toward ethical and collaborative paleogenomic research with Indigenous peoples. Using these results, researchers and community advocates can work toward reorienting the field of paleogenomics toward ethical research with Indigenous peoples.