The utility of body mass index as a measure of body fatness in children and adolescents: Differences by race and gender
The utility of body mass index as a measure of body fatness in children and adolescents: Differences by race and gender
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.99.6.804
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发表时间：
1997-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Morrison, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daniels, SR;Khoury, PR;Morrison, JA
目标。评估身体质量指数(BMI)是否是独立于年龄、种族、性别、性成熟以及儿童和青少年脂肪分布的具有代表性的等同体脂测量方法。对192名7~17岁健康受试者(男100名，女92名，白人103名，黑人89名)进行横断面研究。以标准方式测量身高和体重，并根据这些值计算BMI(kg/m(2))。用双能X线骨密度仪测定脂肪质量和体脂百分比。性成熟度通过体格评估进行评价。脂肪分布由腰围与臀围之比决定。除了腰臀比，白人男孩比黑人男孩更高外，在任何人口统计或人体测量变量上，性别和种族都没有显著差异。在每个种族-性别组中，BMI与年龄、成熟期和所有人体测量学变量呈显著正相关。成熟期与BMI的相关性强于年龄与BMI的相关性。多元回归分析表明，BMI、性别、种族、性成熟和脂肪分布都是体脂百分比的显著独立相关因素(复R-2=0.77)。体脂百分比与BMI的关系依赖于性成熟阶段、性别(对于相同的BMI，女孩的体脂含量高于男孩)、种族(对于相同的BMI，白人的体脂高于黑人)和腰臀比(对于相同的BMI，中心型肥胖者的体脂比高于周围型肥胖者)。BMI并不等同于衡量每个种族性别群体的体脂百分比。当BMI在研究或临床环境中被用作身体肥胖的测量时，特别是当进行跨种族和性别的比较时，在解释结果时考虑成熟阶段、种族、性别和身体脂肪的分布可能很重要。
Objective. To evaluate whether body mass index (BMI) is a representative equivalent measure of body fatness independent of age, race, gender, sexual maturation, and distribution of fat in children and adolescents.Study Design. Cross-sectional study of 192 healthy subjects (100 boys and 92 girls, 103 white and 89 black) age 7 to 17 years.Methods. Height and weight were measured in the standard fashion, and BMI (kg/m(2)) was calculated from these values. Fat mass and percent body fat were determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Sexual maturation was evaluated by physical assessment. Distribution of fat was determined by the waist:hip ratio.Results. There were no significant differences by gender and ethnic group for any of the demographic or anthropometric variables, except waist:hip ratio, which was higher in white compared with black boys. BMI was significantly and positively correlated with age, stage of maturation, and all of the anthropometric variables in each race-sex group. The correlation of maturation stage with BMI was stronger than the correlation between age and BMI. A multiple regression analysis showed that BMI, gender, race, sexual maturation, and distribution of fat were all significant independent correlates of the percent body fat (multiple R-2 = .77). The percent body fat-BMI relationship was dependent on the stage of sexual maturation, gender (for an equivalent BMI, girls have greater amounts of body fat than boys), race (for equivalent BMI, whites have higher body fat than blacks), and waist:hip ratio (for equivalent BMI, those with central obesity have greater body fatness than those with peripheral obesity).Conclusion. BMI is not an equivalent measure of the percent body fat for each race-sex group. When BMI is used as a measure of body fatness in a research or clinical setting, particularly when comparisons are made across race and gender, it may be important to consider the maturation stage, race, gender, and distribution of body fat in the interpretation of the results.