Affective disorders in children and adolescents.
Affective disorders in children and adolescents.
复制标题
儿童和青少年的情感障碍。
DOI：
10.1037//0003-066x.44.2.209
复制
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kovacs,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kovacs,M
最近的发展，分类，描述，和经验研究的情感性障碍和相关的综合征在成年前几年被强调。由于现有的大部分工作都与抑郁症有关，因此只对躁狂症进行了简短的讨论。主要趋势概括在三个标题下：精神病学和诊断性(非生物)研究；假设检验和因果解释研究；以及发育精神病理学研究。来自各种来源的令人信服的证据表明，儿童和青少年中的情感障碍比迄今认为的更持久，并具有许多负面的相关特征和后果。根据困扰这一领域研究的方法论和概念性问题讨论了研究结果。指出了今后的研究方向，其中值得特别考虑的是：调查青少年情感性精神障碍的长期后果；进一步研究精神分类的逻辑以促进诊断困境的解决；扩展或修订抑郁症理论以考虑儿童和青少年特有的问题和心理机制；进一步开展心理测量工作，注意限制评估方法的发展过程；以及设计和测试青少年情感性精神障碍的创新治疗和补救办法。
Recent developments in the classification, description, and empiric study of affective disorders and related syndromes in the preadult years are highlighted. Because the bulk of extant work concerns the depressions, manic disorders are discussed only briefly. Major trends are summarized under three headings: psychiatric and diagnostic (nonbiologic) studies; hypothesis-testing and causal–explanation studies; and studies of developmental psychopathology. There is compelling evidence from a variety of sources that affective disorders among children and adolescents are more persistent than hitherto thought and have numerous negative associated features and consequences. The findings are discussed in light of the methodologic and conceptual problems that beset research in this area. Future research directions are indicated, among which the following deserve particular consideration: investigations of the long-term consequences of juvenile-onset affective disorders, further work on the logic of psychiatric classification to facilitate resolution of diagnostic dilemmas, expansion or revision of theories of depression to take into account issues and psychologic mechanisms specific to children and adolescents, further psychometric work with attention to developmental processes that constrain methods of assessment, and design and testing of innovative treatment and remediative approaches to juvenile-onset affective disorders.