The effects of vestibular lesions on hippocampal function in rats
The effects of vestibular lesions on hippocampal function in rats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.04.004
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发表时间：
2005-04
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Paul F. Smith;A. Horii;Noah A. Russell;D. Bilkey;Yiwen Zheng;Ping Liu;D. Steve Kerr;C. Darlington
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paul F. Smith;A. Horii;Noah A. Russell;D. Bilkey;Yiwen Zheng;Ping Liu;D. Steve Kerr;C. Darlington
前庭系统和海马之间的相互作用的兴趣刺激的证据表明，外周前庭病变可能会损害性能的学习和记忆任务，需要空间信息处理。到了20世纪90年代，电生理数据显示脑干前庭核复合体（VNC）和海马是多突触连接的，海马位置细胞可以对前庭刺激做出反应。这篇综述的目的是总结和批判性地评价在过去5年中发表的研究，这些研究在理解前庭损伤对海马的影响方面取得了重大进展。除了新的行为研究表明，前庭病变的动物表现出损害的空间记忆任务，电生理学研究证实了长潜伏期，多突触之间的VNC和海马通路。外周前庭病变已被证明会导致长期的变化，在位置细胞功能，海马EEG活动，甚至CA 1场电位保持在体外脑切片。在同一时期，神经化学研究表明，海马的一些亚区表现出长期的变化，神经元型一氧化氮合酶，脱氢酶I和II，和NR 1和NR 2A N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体亚基外周前庭损伤后的表达。尽管取得了进展，一些重要的问题仍然有待解决，如与前庭病变相关的听觉损伤的可能贡献，观察到的海马效应。此外，虽然这些研究表明，前庭系统的损伤确实对海马的电生理和神经化学功能有长期的影响，但它们并没有精确地表明前庭信息如何用于海马功能，如发展环境的空间表征。要了解这一点，需要详细的电刺激和损伤研究，以阐明不同类型的前庭信息传递到海马各亚区的方式。
Interest in interaction between the vestibular system and the hippocampus was stimulated by evidence that peripheral vestibular lesions could impair performance in learning and memory tasks requiring spatial information processing. By the 1990s, electrophysiological data were emerging that the brainstem vestibular nucleus complex (VNC) and the hippocampus were connected polysynaptically and that hippocampal place cells could respond to vestibular stimulation. The aim of this review is to summarise and critically evaluate research published in the last 5 years that has seen major progress in understanding the effects of vestibular damage on the hippocampus. In addition to new behavioural studies demonstrating that animals with vestibular lesions exhibit impairments in spatial memory tasks, electrophysiological studies have confirmed long-latency, polysynaptic pathways between the VNC and the hippocampus. Peripheral vestibular lesions have been shown to cause long-term changes in place cell function, hippocampal EEG activity and even CA1 field potentials in brain slices maintained in vitro. During the same period, neurochemical investigations have shown that some hippocampal subregions exhibit long-term changes in the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, arginase I and II, and the NR1 and NR2A N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits following peripheral vestibular damage. Despite the progress, a number of important issues remain to be resolved, such as the possible contribution of auditory damage associated with vestibular lesions, to the hippocampal effects observed. Furthermore, although these studies demonstrate that damage to the vestibular system does have a long-term impact on the electrophysiological and neurochemical function of the hippocampus, they do not indicate precisely how vestibular information might be used in hippocampal functions such as developing spatial representations of the environment. Understanding this will require detailed electrical stimulation and lesion studies to elucidate the way in which different kinds of vestibular information are transmitted to various hippocampal subregions.