Design, implementation and evaluation of a national campaign to deliver 18 million free long-lasting insecticidal nets to uncovered sleeping spaces in Tanzania
Design, implementation and evaluation of a national campaign to deliver 18 million free long-lasting insecticidal nets to uncovered sleeping spaces in Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-12-85
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发表时间：
2013-03-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lengeler, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Renggli, Sabine;Mandike, Renata;Lengeler, Christian
背景：自2004年以来，坦桑尼亚国家代金券计划通过补贴购买蚊帐的费用，增加了孕妇和婴儿获得和获得驱虫蚊帐的机会。从2008年到2010年，一项大规模分发运动向坦桑尼亚大陆的五岁以下儿童免费分发了900万顶长效杀虫蚊帐。2010年和2011年，实施了由卫生和社会福利部(MoHSW)领导的全民覆盖运动(UCC)，覆盖了以前的倡议尚未达到的所有睡眠空间。卫生部与合作伙伴签约，与地方政府当局合作开展不同的活动。志愿者记录了这个国家每个家庭中未覆盖的睡眠空间的数量。在此基础上，向村级订购并分发LLIN，在每个区(三个地区)分三天发放LLIN。活动结束后，立即在7个地区进行了家庭调查，以评估净拥有量和使用量。结果：UCC主要由全球抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金资助，美国总统疟疾倡议也有重要贡献。总共交付了1820万个LLIN，每个LLIN的平均成本为5.30美元。总体而言，83%的费用用于LLIN的采购和交付，17%用于与活动相关的活动。最新的坦桑尼亚艾滋病毒疟疾指标调查(2011-2012年)的初步结果显示，至少拥有一种ITN的家庭拥有率增加到91.5%。在五岁以下儿童中，ITN的使用率在运动后提高到72.7%。运动后的ITN所有权和使用数据显示，财富的五分位数具有很高的公平性。结论：卫生部、捐助者、合同合作伙伴、地方政府当局和志愿者之间的密切合作使其能够开展迄今为止在非洲进行的最大规模的LLIN分发活动之一。通过大力增加使用ITN，国家ITN方案最近开展的活动可能会进一步降低坦桑尼亚的儿童死亡率，从而有助于实现千年发展目标4和6。
Background: Since 2004, the Tanzanian National Voucher Scheme has increased availability and accessibility of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) to pregnant women and infants by subsidizing the cost of nets purchased. From 2008 to 2010, a mass distribution campaign delivered nine million long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) free-of-charge to children under-five years of age in Tanzania mainland. In 2010 and 2011, a Universal Coverage Campaign (UCC) led by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW) was implemented to cover all sleeping spaces not yet reached through previous initiatives.Methods: The UCC was coordinated through a unit within the National Malaria Control Programme. Partners were contracted by the MoHSW to implement different activities in collaboration with local government authorities. Volunteers registered the number of uncovered sleeping spaces in every household in the country. On this basis, LLINs were ordered and delivered to village level, where they were issued over a three-day period in each zone (three regions). Household surveys were conducted in seven districts immediately after the campaign to assess net ownership and use.Results: The UCC was chiefly financed by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria with important contributions from the US President's Malaria Initiative. A total of 18.2 million LLINs were delivered at an average cost of USD 5.30 per LLIN. Overall, 83% of the expenses were used for LLIN procurement and delivery and 17% for campaign associated activities. Preliminary results of the latest Tanzania HIV Malaria Indicator Survey (2011-12) show that household ownership of at least one ITN increased to 91.5%. ITN use, among children under-five years of age, improved to 72.7% after the campaign. ITN ownership and use data post-campaign indicated high equity across wealth quintiles.Conclusion: Close collaboration among the MoHSW, donors, contracted partners, local government authorities and volunteers made it possible to carry out one of the largest LLIN distribution campaigns conducted in Africa to date. Through the strong increase of ITN use, the recent activities of the national ITN programme will likely result in further decline in child mortality rates in Tanzania, helping to achieve Millennium Development Goals 4 and 6.