Latitudinal compensation in female reproductive rate of a geographically widespread reef fish
Latitudinal compensation in female reproductive rate of a geographically widespread reef fish
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DOI：
10.1007/s10641-003-0304-z
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Kokita, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kokita, T
与健康相关的性状的纵向变化通常被归因于当地对气候的适应。在包括鱼类在内的变温动物中，高纬度地区的低温和较短的生殖季节预计会导致个体的年生殖产量减少。纬度补偿理论预测，在高纬度的生物应该进化这些气候效应的补偿性反应。因此，雌性生殖率（产蛋率）的纬度补偿，即来自高纬度的个体比来自低纬度的个体产蛋率更高，可能会发生。我测试了这一假设，一个纬度广泛的珊瑚鱼coelestis是一个多批次产卵，从三个不同的地方，从温带到亚热带沃茨，在日本。我在三种不同温度下进行了共同环境实验，以比较当地种群的繁殖能力。在实验中，平均产卵间隔时间最短，平均特定尺寸的离合器重量是最重的鱼从最北方的地方在所有的温度，表现出明显的纬度倾斜。因此，北方鱼类可以通过缩短产卵间隔和增加特定大小的窝重来实现单位时间内更高的繁殖产量。另外，北方鱼较快的产蛋率并不是因为摄食量的增加。这一发现表明，总产卵效率较高的北方鱼和北方鱼有一个优越的上级能力，在一个赛季内的繁殖。这些结果支持了蓝腹原甲雌性生殖率存在纬向补偿的预测。由于该物种的繁殖季节随着纬度的增加而急剧减少，因此观察到的繁殖率渐变必须是对当地选择制度的适应性反应，即，生殖季节的长度。这种纬度补偿雌性生殖率可能是一种常见的模式，在纬度广泛分布的鱼类。
Latitudinal variation in fitness-related traits has often been attributed to local adaptation to climates. In poikilotherms including fishes, lower temperatures and shorter reproductive seasons at high latitudes would be expected to cause a reduction in annual reproductive output of an individual. Theories of latitudinal compensation predict that organisms at high latitudes should evolve compensatory responses for these climatic effects. Therefore, latitudinal compensation in female reproductive rate (egg production rate), that individuals from high latitudes produce eggs at higher rates than those from lower latitudes, is likely to occur. I tested this hypothesis with a latitudinally widespread reef fish Pomacentrus coelestis that is a multiple batch spawner, from three different localities, from temperate to subtropical waters, within Japan. I used common-environment experiments at three different temperatures to compare reproductive capacity among local populations. In the experiments, average inter-spawning intervals were the shortest and average size-specific clutch weight was the heaviest in fish from the most northern locality across all temperatures, showing clear latitudinal clines. Thus, the northern fish can achieve higher reproductive output per unit time both by shortening inter-spawning intervals and increasing size-specific clutch weight. Additionally, faster egg production rate of the northern fish did not result from increased food consumption. This finding suggests that gross egg production efficiency was higher in the northern fish and that northern fish had a superior capacity for reproduction within a season. These results support the prediction that latitudinal compensation occurs in the female reproductive rate of P. coelestis. As the reproductive season of this species decreases drastically with increasing latitude, the observed cline in the reproductive rate must be an adaptive response to the local selective regime, i.e., length of the reproductive season. Such latitudinal compensation in female reproductive rates may be a common pattern in latitudinally widespread fishes.