Naloxone availability and dispensing in Indiana pharmacies 2 years after the implementation of a statewide standing order
Naloxone availability and dispensing in Indiana pharmacies 2 years after the implementation of a statewide standing order
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.japh.2019.11.024
复制
发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Meyerson, Beth E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eldridge, Lori Ann;Agley, Jon;Meyerson, Beth E.
目的：本研究检查了2016年至2018年期间印第安纳州纳洛酮药房库存和配药率的变化，并探讨了可能影响观察到的差异的补充变量和因素。方法：研究人员使用了从2016年和2018年对全州药房普查做出回应的管理药剂师收集的2个现有数据集的数据。在确定了药房管理药剂师在2016年和2018年人口普查中做出回应的所有病例后，研究人员对107家印第安纳州药房的纳洛酮库存和分发率进行了非参数统计比较。2019年从印第安纳州经营食品商店或连锁药店的制药公司和印第安纳州药店协会收集了这些年来有关纳洛酮相关药房政策和教育计划的其他描述性数据。结果：印第安纳州的药房库存和配药从2016年到2018年有所增加。2016年，57%的药房报告储存了纳洛酮，而2018年这一比例为92.5%（P < 0.001）。同样，2016年有23.4%的药店报告分配纳洛酮，而2018年为76.6%（P < 0.001）。所有回应的制药公司和国家制药协会报告说，自2016年以来，他们提供了关于纳洛酮的自我指导志愿者培训计划。此外，他们报告说，公司的政策和程序，关于纳洛酮落实到位，以响应2016年全州常备order.Conclusion：药房纳洛酮库存和配药增加后，2年全州常备订单发出。该命令本身的效果可能会受到公司对法律的反应的影响。研究纳洛酮可用性政策对药房实践和患者收入的影响的研究应纵向检查政策实施后的数据，并使用包括药房类型（例如，连锁或独立），位置和阿片类药物过量相关的死亡率。(C)2020年美国药学协会（R）。爱思唯尔公司出版All rights reserved.
Objectives: This study examined changes in rates of pharmacy naloxone stocking and dispensing in Indiana between 2016 and 2018 and explored supplemental variables and factors that may have affected observed differences.Methods: Researchers used data from 2 existing datasets that were collected from managing pharmacists who responded to statewide pharmacy censuses in 2016 and 2018. After identifying all cases in which a pharmacy's managing pharmacist responded in both 2016 and 2018 censuses, researchers conducted a nonparametric statistical comparison of naloxone stocking and dispensing rates in 107 Indiana pharmacies. Additional descriptive data regarding naloxone-related pharmacy policies and educational programs during those years were collected in 2019 from pharmacy corporations operating food stores or chain pharmacies in Indiana and from the Indiana Pharmacists Association.Results: Pharmacy stocking and dispensing in Indiana increased from 2016 to 2018. In 2016, 57% of pharmacies reported stocking naloxone compared with 92.5% in 2018 (P < 0.001). Similarly, 23.4% of pharmacies reported dispensing naloxone in 2016 compared with 76.6% of pharmacies in 2018 (P < 0.001). All responding pharmacy corporations and the state pharmacy association reported offering self-directed volunteer-training programs regarding naloxone since 2016. In addition, they reported that company policy and procedures regarding naloxone were put into place in response to the 2016 statewide standing order.Conclusion: Pharmacy naloxone stocking and dispensing increased in the 2 years after the statewide standing order was issued. The effect of the order itself was likely moderated or mediated by corporate responses to the law. Research examining the impact of naloxone-availability policies on pharmacy practice and patient incomes should longitudinally examine data after policy implementation and with covariates that include type of pharmacy (e.g., chain or independent), location, and opioid overdose-associated mortality rates. (C) 2020 American Pharmacists Association (R). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.