Physiology of transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life.
Physiology of transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.clp.2012.09.009
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发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Jobe AH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hillman NH;Kallapur SG;Jobe AH
从胎儿到新生儿的转变是人类经历中最复杂的适应过程。肺部适应需要胎儿肺液的协同清除、表面活性物质的分泌以及持续呼吸的开始。随着低压胎盘的移除，心血管反应需要血流、压力和肺血管舒张发生显著变化。新生儿还必须迅速控制其能量代谢和体温调节。使胎儿为出生做好准备并支持多器官转变的主要介质是皮质醇和儿茶酚胺。在早产或足月剖宫产之后，经常会发现适应异常，并且这些婴儿中的许多将需要产房复苏来辅助这种转变。
The transition from a fetus to a newborn is the most complex adaptation that occurs in human experience. Lung adaptation requires the coordinated clearance of fetal lung fluid, surfactant secretion, and the onset of consistent breathing. With the removal of the low-pressure placenta, the cardiovascular response requires striking changes in blood flow, pressures and pulmonary vasodilation. The newborn must also quickly control its energy metabolism and thermoregulation. The primary mediators that both prepare the fetus for birth and support the multi-organ transition are cortisol and catecholamine. Abnormalities in adaptation are frequently found following preterm birth or delivery by cesarean section at term, and many of these infants will need delivery room resuscitation to assist in this transition.