Measuring Productivity Dispersion
Measuring Productivity Dispersion
复制标题
衡量生产力分散度
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.2937573
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Z. Wolf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Bartelsman;Z. Wolf
衡量一个市场或行业中各公司的生产率或效率的分散程度充满了方法问题。尽管如此，分散程度相当高的现象现在已得到充分记载和广泛接受。人们对分散程度的经济特征和机制以及分散如何随时间或市场而变化的了解较少。一方面，产出和投入市场的选择机制应通过资源重新分配，有利于生产力最高的单位，从而减少分散。另一方面，创新和技术的不确定性往往会增加离散度。本章介绍了离散度的衡量指南，并提供了一些国家和行业使用各种方法的经验证据。
Measuring the dispersion of productivity or efficiency across firms in a market or industry is rife with methodological issues. Nevertheless, the existence of considerable dispersion now is well documented and widely accepted. Less well understood are the economic features and mechanisms underlying the magnitude of dispersion and how dispersion varies over time or across markets. On the one hand, selection mechanisms in both output and input markets should favor the most productive units through resource reallocation, thereby reducing dispersion. On the other hand, innovation and technological uncertainty tend to increase dispersion. This chapter presents a guide to the measurement of dispersion and provides empirical evidence from a selection of countries and industries using a variety of methodologies.