“Measures of Dissipation in Viscoelastic Media” Extended: Toward Continuous Characterization Across Very Broad Geophysical Time Scales

“Measures of Dissipation in Viscoelastic Media” Extended: Toward Continuous Characterization Across Very Broad Geophysical Time Scales
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– 粘弹性介质耗散测量 – 扩展:在非常广泛的地球物理时间尺度上进行连续表征

DOI:
10.1029/2019gl083529
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Holtzman, Benjamin K.
Holtzman, Benjamin K.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lau, Harriet C. P.;Holtzman, Benjamin K.

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我们开发了一个概念/定量框架,据此,地球粘弹性的测量可以在广泛的地球物理过程中进行评估,包括地震波传播、震后松弛、冰川均衡调整和地幔对流。这样做需要克服三个挑战:(A)将机械性能的空间变化与固有频率依赖性分开;(B)调和用于解释不同频率观测的不同概念和本构粘弹性模型;(C)提高对线性和非线性瞬态变形机制及其从实验室到地球条件的外推的理解。我们关注(B),首先展示了不同的力学模型如何导致从观测中得出不相容的粘度估计。我们建议从这些观测中确定“复粘度”——一种频率相关参数,与其他耗散度量(包括频率相关模量和衰减)相补充——以揭示一个单一的潜在宽带力学模型。复黏度说明了麦克斯韦时间附近的瞬态蠕变,这是最不明确的地方。
We develop a conceptual/quantitative framework whereby measurements of Earth's viscoelasticity may be assessed across the broad range of geophysical processes, spanning seismic wave propagation, postseismic relaxation, glacial isostatic adjustment, and mantle convection. Doing so requires overcoming three challenges: (A) separating spatial variations from intrinsic frequency dependence in mechanical properties; (B) reconciling different conceptual and constitutive viscoelastic models used to interpret observations at different frequencies; and (C) improving understanding of linear and nonlinear transient deformation mechanisms and their extrapolation from laboratory to earth conditions. We focus on (B), first demonstrating how different mechanical models lead to incompatible viscosity estimates from observations. We propose the determination of the “complex viscosity”—a frequency‐dependent parameter complementary to other measures of dissipation (including frequency‐dependent moduli and attenuation)—from such observations to reveal a single underlying broadband mechanical model. The complex viscosity illuminates transient creep in the vicinity of the Maxwell time, where most ambiguity lies.
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