Microbial life in oceanic crust
Microbial life in oceanic crust
复制标题
洋壳中的微生物生命
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Sylvan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Orcutt;T. D’Angelo;S. Jungbluth;J. Huber;J. Sylvan
洋壳是地球上生命的一个巨大但几乎未被开发的栖息地，其特点是大量的水、热和溶解的化学物质在全球流动。揭示海洋生物存在的地点和方式很重要，因为在这种环境中发生的化学反应会影响更广泛的海洋系统，也因为它类似于地球，可以考虑其他海洋世界存在外星生命的可能性。在过去十年中，由于海底钻探和观测技术的进步，几次重大的海洋探险的重点是确定洋壳微生物群的特征。在这里，我们回顾了关于地壳海洋微生物生物圈的已知情况，重点是对最近关于洋壳微生物生命多样性的研究进行了新的综述，以揭示该环境中常见的和独特的类群。
Oceanic crust comprises a vast but virtually unexplored habitat for life on Earth, characterized by massive global flows of water, heat, and dissolved chemicals. Uncovering where and how life exists in oceanic crust is important because chemical reactions occurring in this environment impact broader ocean systems and also because it is an earth analog for considering the possibility of extraterrestrial life on other ocean worlds. Over the past decade, several major oceanographic expeditions focused on characterizing the ocean crust microbiome, enabled by advances in seafloor drilling and observatory technologies. Here we review what is known about the crustal ocean microbial biosphere, focusing on a new synthesis of recent studies on the diversity of microbial life in oceanic crust to reveal common and unique taxa in this environment.