Tanniferous forage plants:: Agronomic performance, palatability and efficacy against parasitic nematodes in sheep
Tanniferous forage plants:: Agronomic performance, palatability and efficacy against parasitic nematodes in sheep
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DOI：
10.1017/s1742170507002049
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hertzberg, H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haering, D. A.;Scharenberg, A.;Hertzberg, H.
含单宁的饲料植物可以对反刍动物的生产力和健康产生有益的影响(改善蛋白质供应、膨大安全性和抗寄生性)。然而，缩合单宁也会降低适口性、自愿采食量和消化率。我们的跨学科项目的目的是产生关于植物管理、饲料适口性和含单宁饲料植物的抗寄生性的基本知识，以便它们在农学中的实际应用，重点是它们在有机农业中控制胃肠道线虫的有效性。结果表明，红豆草(红豆草)、莲花(鸟脚三叶草)和菊苣(菊苣)在一定的温带气候条件下适合栽培，而大三叶莲很快就会被未播种的物种所取代。单宁植物与草甸羊茅混合种植比单一栽培更有利于增加总干物质产量(尤其是在单宁豆科植物中)，并降低未播种植物的干物质比例。然而，由于不含单宁的草菇的稀释，混合培养的单宁浓度明显低于单一培养的单宁浓度，单宁浓度的季节性波动大于单一培养。在不同物种中，单宁浓度最高的是黑麦草，其次是黑麦草，而黑麦草的单宁含量很低。当作为干饲料饲喂时，所有单宁牧草的适口性与黑麦草/三叶草混合物相当，而当作为青贮料提供时，野黑麦草的适口性明显优于各自的黑麦草/三叶草对照。给予干燥或青贮的野桑叶草可减少混合感染胃肠道线虫物种缠绕血吸虫和椰子线虫的羔羊粪便中寄生虫卵的数量。我们认为，在供试的丹宁类牧草中，野牡丹是最有前途的，因为它适合栽培，单宁含量高，适口性高，即使在干燥或青贮状态下也具有抗寄生虫活性。
Tanniferous forage plants can have beneficial effects on ruminant productivity and health (improved protein supply, bloat safety and antiparasitic properties). However, condensed tannins can also lower palatability, voluntary feed intake and digestibility. The aim of our interdisciplinary project was to generate basic knowledge on plant management, feed palatability and the antiparasitic properties of tanniferous forage plants for their practical application in agronomy, focusing on their usefulness in controlling gastrointestinal nematodes in organic farming. We found that Onobrychis viciifolia (sainfoin), Lotus corniculatus (birdsfoot trefoil) and Cichorium intybus (chicory) were suitable for cultivation under the given temperate climatic conditions, whereas Lotus pedunculatus (big trefoil) was soon outcompeted by unsown species. Growing the tanniferous plant species in a mixture with Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue) rather than in a monoculture had the advantage of increasing total dry matter (DM) yield (especially in the case of tanniferous legumes) and of reducing the DM proportions of unsown species. However, due to dilution by non-tanniferous F. pratensis, the tannin concentrations of mixtures were clearly lower and the seasonal fluctuations in tannin concentrations greater than that of monocultures. Across species, tannin concentrations were highest for O. viciifolia, followed by L. corniculatus and very low for C. intybus. Palatability of all tanniferous forages was comparable to that of a ryegrass/clover mixture when fed as dried forage and, when offered as silage, palatability of O. viciifolia was clearly superior to that of the respective ryegrass/clover control. Administration of dried or ensiled O. viciifolia reduced parasite egg counts in feces of lambs co-infected with the gastrointestinal nematode species Haemonchus contortus and Cooperia curticei. We conclude that O. viciifolia is the most promising among the tested tanniferous forage plant species due to its suitability for cultivation, its high tannin concentration, its high palatability and its antiparasitic activity even in dried or ensiled form.