Induction of Systemic Resistance in Plants by Biochar, a Soil-Applied Carbon Sequestering Agent
Induction of Systemic Resistance in Plants by Biochar, a Soil-Applied Carbon Sequestering Agent
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DOI：
10.1094/phyto-100-9-0913
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Graber, Ellen R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elad, Yigal;David, Dalia Rav;Graber, Ellen R.
生物炭是生物质热解的固体副产品，生物质热解是一种用于生产第二代生物燃料的负碳技术。生物炭可以作为土壤改良剂，永久地从大气中隔离碳，并改善土壤耕性，养分保持和作物生产力。除了其在土壤中的其他益处外，我们发现土壤施用生物炭诱导对辣椒和番茄上的叶面真菌病原体Botrytis cinema（灰霉病）和Level Hula taurica（白粉病）以及辣椒上的宽螨害虫（Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks）的系统抗性。在土壤和椰子纤维凝灰岩盆栽介质中的1至5%的生物炭水平被发现在抑制不同年龄的叶片中的两种疾病方面是显著有效的。在长期试验（105天），辣椒白粉病是显着不太严重的生物炭处理的植物比未经修改的控制，虽然在最后25天，在治疗和控制的疾病发展的速度是相似的。讨论了可能与生物炭相关的系统诱导抗性的激发子。
Biochar is the solid coproduct of biomass pyrolysis, a technique used for carbon-negative production of second-generation biofuels. The biochar can be applied as a soil amendment, where it permanently sequesters carbon from the atmosphere as well as improves soil tilth, nutrient retention, and crop productivity. In addition to its other benefits in soil, we found that soil-applied biochar induces systemic resistance to the foliar fungal pathogens Botrytis cinema (gray mold) and Level Hula taurica (powdery mildew) on pepper and tomato and to the broad mite pest (Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks) on pepper. Levels of 1 to 5% biochar in a soil and a coconut fiber-tuff potting medium were found to be significantly effective at suppressing both diseases in leaves of different ages. In lona-term tests (105 days), pepper powdery mildew was significantly less severe in the biochar-treated plants than in the plants from the unamended controls although, during the final 25 days, the rate of disease development in the treatments and controls was similar. Possible biochar-related elicitors of systemic induced resistance are discussed.