CONCEPTUAL MASKING - THE EFFECTS OF SUBSEQUENT VISUAL EVENTS ON MEMORY FOR PICTURES
CONCEPTUAL MASKING - THE EFFECTS OF SUBSEQUENT VISUAL EVENTS ON MEMORY FOR PICTURES
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.10.1.115
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
INTRAUB, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
INTRAUB, H
以148名大学生为被试，采用三个实验研究了注意力的自主聚焦和非自主聚焦对图片再认记忆的影响。实验一和实验三检验了概念掩蔽假说，该假说认为，如果一个视觉事件是新的和有意义的，它会自动中断对先前瞥见的图片的处理。112毫秒图片的记忆是在以下条件下测试的，即被忽略的1.5秒刺激间隔包含（1）空白场;（2）重复图片;（3）新图片;（4）新的无意义图片;或（5）每次新的反转图片。空白区域、重复图片和新的无意义图片对记忆的干扰程度不如新的有意义图片，支持概念掩蔽假说。实验二通过引导学生将注意力集中在短图片、全部图片和长图片上来研究编码的自主注意控制。两个持续时间的图片识别记忆显示了惊人的能力，观察员选择性地处理图片。这些影响在视觉扫描的可能作用进行了讨论。(20参考）（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
Three experiments with 148 undergraduates studied the effects of voluntary and involuntary focus of attention on recognition memory for pictures. Exps I and III tested the conceptual-masking hypothesis, which holds that a visual event will automatically disrupt processing of a previously glimpsed picture if that event is new and meaningful. Memory for 112-msec pictures was tested under conditions where the to-be-ignored, 1.5-sec interstimulus interval contained (1) a blank field;(2) a repeating picture;(3) a new picture;(4) a new, nonsense picture; or (5) a new, inverted picture each time. The blank field, repeating picture, and new nonsense picture did not disrupt memory as much as a new meaningful picture, supporting the conceptual-masking hypothesis. Exp II studied voluntary attentional control of encoding by instructing Ss to focus attention on the brief pictures, all pictures, or the long pictures in a sequence. Recognition memory for pictures of both durations showed a striking ability of observers to process pictures selectively. The possible role of these effects in visual scanning is discussed.(20 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)