Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts: what are we talking about?
Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts: what are we talking about?
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DOI：
10.1097/fjc.0b013e3182116e39
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发表时间：
2011-04
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Duffy HS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baum J;Duffy HS
心肌细胞虽然大到足以构成心脏体积的大部分，但只是心脏内的少数细胞，成纤维细胞和血管成分（内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞）构成心脏的其余部分。近年来，人们对心脏内的非肌细胞群体越来越感兴趣。这在一定程度上是由于我们对非肌细胞类型的生物学的理解不断加深，此外，还由于我们意识到这些细胞不是静态的，而是动态的，这表明它们在心脏功能中发挥的作用比以前想象的更积极。现在的研究表明，成纤维细胞参与细胞外基质的形成，并且它们控制细胞外基质的大小。此外，它们通过分化成肌成纤维细胞参与修复过程，肌成纤维细胞是参与对损伤的炎症反应的细胞。肌成纤维细胞迁移到损伤部位，在那里它们产生细胞因子，从而增强炎症反应。这篇综述将讨论这两种细胞类型之间的结构和功能差异，并研究这两种不同细胞类型在心脏中的不同作用。
Cardiac myocytes, although large enough to make up most of the heart volume, are only a minority of cells within the heart with fibroblasts and blood vessel components (endothelial and smooth muscle cells) making up the remainder of the heart. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the non-myocyte population within the heart. This is due, in part, to our increasing understanding of the biology of the non-myocyte cell types and additionally it is due to our awakening realization that these cells are not static but rather, that they are dynamic in nature indicating that they play a more active role in cardiac function than previously imagined. Studies now show that fibroblasts are involved in formation of the extracellular matrix and they control of the size of the extracellular matrix. Additionally they participate in the repair process by differentiating into myofibroblasts which are cells involved in the inflammatory response to injury. Myofibroblasts migrate to the sites of injury where they produce cytokines thus enhancing the inflammatory response. This review will discuss both structural and functional differences between the two cell types and examine the different roles of these two different cell types in the heart.