Morphology, molecular phylogeny and okadaic acid production of epibenthic Prorocentrum(Dinophyceae) species from the northern South China Sea
Morphology, molecular phylogeny and okadaic acid production of epibenthic Prorocentrum(Dinophyceae) species from the northern South China Sea
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.algal.2016.11.020
复制
发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Zhaohe Luo;Hua Zhang;B. Krock;Songhui Lu;Wei-dong Yang;H. Gu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhaohe Luo;Hua Zhang;B. Krock;Songhui Lu;Wei-dong Yang;H. Gu
大约有30种底栖原心虫被描述，但关于它们的生物地理信息有限。有些种类能够产生引起腹泻性贝类中毒的冈田酸（OA）及其衍生物。在本研究中，我们通过从2012年至2015年收集的沙子、珊瑚和大型藻类样品中分离单细胞，研究了南海北部表底生物原中心菌的多样性。用光镜和扫描电镜观察了它们的形态。在47株原中心菌中，有7种形态被鉴定为asP。利马,P。rhathymum, P。concavum P.cf.emarginatum P。fukuyoi P.cf.maculosumandP。panamense。后5种在中国水域未见报道，这是第一次记录。巴拿马在其类型地区之外。获得部分大亚单位（LSU）核糖体DNA和内部转录间隔区序列，并利用最大似然和贝叶斯推理进行分子系统发育分析。中国ep .cf. maculosum菌株与古巴菌株LSU序列相似性为99.5%（接近型位），而中国ep .cf. maculosum菌株与古巴菌株LSU序列相似性为99.5%。limmastrain与来自类型地区的菌株LSU序列相似性仅为96.7%,p.c.f arginatum与mp差异较大。主要表现为边缘孔隙的存在或不存在，它们与p . p .形成了一个很好分解的演化支系。sculptile。所有中国菌株均检测到OA。limaandP。通过液相色谱-质谱联用分析，发现黄斑藻毒素仅由两种op产生。limastrains。中国菌株。concavum, P。rhathymum andP。巴拿马不产生可检测水平的OA。我们的研究结果支持了表底生物proorocentrumspecies在南海北部的广泛分布，并强调了DSP的潜在风险。
Around 30 epibenthic Prorocentrum species have been described, but information about their biogeography is limited. Some species are able to produce okadaic acid (OA) and its derivatives, which are responsible for diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP). In the present study, we examined the diversity of epibenthicProrocentrumin the northern South China Sea by isolating single cells from sand, coral, and macroalgal samples collected from 2012 to 2015. Their morphology was examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Among 47Prorocentrumstrains, seven morphospecies were identified asP. lima,P. rhathymum,P. concavum,P.cf.emarginatum,P. fukuyoi,P.cf.maculosumandP. panamense. The latter five species have not been previously reported in Chinese waters, and this is the first record ofP. panamenseoutside its type locality. Partial large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA and internal transcribed spacer region sequences were obtained and molecular phylogenetic analysis was carried out using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. ChineseP.cf.maculosumstrains share 99.5% similarity of LSU sequences with the strain from Cuba (close to the type locality), but ChineseP. limastrains share only 96.7% similarity of LSU sequences with the strain from the type locality.P.cf.emarginatumdiffers fromP. fukuyoimainly in the presence/absence of marginal pores and they form a well-resolved clade together withP. sculptile. OA was detected in all Chinese strains ofP. limaandP. cf.maculosumbased on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, but dinophysistoxin was produced only by twoP. limastrains. Chinese strains ofP. concavum,P. rhathymum, andP. panamensedo not produce detectable level of OA. Our results support the wide distribution of epibenthicProrocentrumspecies and highlight the potential risk of DSP in the northern South China Sea.