Zeolite amendment coupled with alternate wetting and drying to reduce nitrogen loss and enhance rice production
Zeolite amendment coupled with alternate wetting and drying to reduce nitrogen loss and enhance rice production
复制标题
沸石改良剂结合交替润湿和干燥，可减少氮素损失并提高水稻产量
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2019.03.004
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Chi Daocai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun Yidi;Xia Guimin;He Zhenli;Wu Qi;Zheng Junlin;Li Yinghao;Wang Yanzhi;Chen Taotao;Chi Daocai
斜发沸石（Z）作为一种有效的土壤改良剂，在减少氮素流失和提高作物产量方面具有重要的作用。然而，有限的信息是可用于水稻生产系统，特别是在交替湿润和干燥灌溉（AWD）。因此，在裂区设计中进行了为期2年的蒸渗仪田间试验，其中两种灌溉制度（CF：连续淹没灌溉，AWD：交替干湿灌溉）作为主区，三种Z修正率（0，5和10 t Z ha−1）作为子区。分析了两种灌溉方式下施用Z肥对稻田氨挥发、氮素淋失、水稻产量、水分生产率和经济效益的影响。结果表明，与常规施肥相比，AWD处理在不施Z的情况下略微减少了NH3挥发，但显著增加了0 - 30和30 - 60 cm土壤中的残留矿质氮（RMN）以及NH 4 +-N和NO3--N的淋溶。AWD种植的水稻在2016年显著提高了WP，而不影响籽粒产量，但在2017年没有Z修正的情况下降低了产量。与对照（不添加Z）相比，添加5和10 t Z ha-1使0 - 30 cm土层的RMN分别增加12%和21%，但使30 - 60 cm土层的RMN分别降低18%和32%。氮素挥发总量、NH 4 +-N和NO3−-N淋失量均随施氮量的增加而减少。施氮显著提高了水稻的吸氮量、产量、经济效益和水分利用率，特别是在全水灌溉条件下。在两年的时间里，10 t Z ha-1与AWD或CF管理相结合减少了NH3挥发，而不增加N淋失，增加了水稻产量和WP，与传统管理（CF无Z）相比，经济效益增加了126 - 195 ha-1。沸石在水稻生产系统中的应用值得进一步研究。
Clinoptilolite zeolite (Z) has been increasingly recognized as a valuable soil conditioner, which is beneficial to nitrogen (N) loss reduction and crop yield improvement. However, limited information is available for a rice production system, especially under alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD). Therefore, a 2-year field experiment with lysimeter was carried out in a split plot design with two irrigation regimes (CF: continuously flooded irrigation, AWD: alternate wetting and drying irrigation) as main plots and three Z amendment rates (0, 5 and 10 t Z ha−1) as sub-plots. The impact of Z amendment on ammonia (NH3) volatilization, N leaching, rice grain yield, water productivity (WP) and economic benefit were analyzed under both irrigation regimes. The results showed that AWD slightly reduced NH3volatilization without Z application, but significantly increased residual mineral N (RMN) in soil at the depths of 0 − 30 and 30 − 60 cm, and NH4+-N and NO3−-N leaching, relative to CF. AWD-grown rice significantly improved WP without affecting grain yield in 2016, but reduced yield in 2017 without Z amendment. Compared with control (without Z amendment), addition of 5 and 10 t Z ha-1increased RMN by 12 and 21%, respectively in the 0 − 30 cm soil depth, but reduced it by 18 and 32%, respectively in the 30 − 60 cm soil depth. Total NH3volatilization and NH4+-N and NO3−-N leaching loss decreased with increasing rates of Z amendment. Z amendment significantly increased N uptake, rice grain yield, economic benefit and WP, especially under AWD. In the two years, integration of 10 t Z ha-1with either AWD or CF management reduced NH3volatilization without increasing N leaching and increased rice grain yield and WP, with an increased economic benefit of $126 − 195 ha-1, as compared to conventional management (CF without Z). The use of zeolite merits further investigation for application in the rice production systems.