Effects of fetal genotype and sex on developmental response to maternal malnutrition
Effects of fetal genotype and sex on developmental response to maternal malnutrition
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DOI：
10.1071/rd15385
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Gonzalez-Bulnes, Antonio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cogollos, Laura;Garcia-Contreras, Consolacion;Gonzalez-Bulnes, Antonio
本研究旨在确定暴露在母亲营养不良环境中的胎儿的发育模式、肥胖水平和脂肪酸组成是由他们的性别或他们的基因决定的，还是两者都有，因为这些可能独立于母亲的基因而调节对宫内环境的适应性反应。本研究采用伊比利亚纯种母猪(IB母猪)与异种精液(伊比利亚公猪和大白猪(LW)混合精液)进行授精，获得了伊比利亚纯种母猪四种不同的胚胎亚群(公猪和母猪、纯种(IBxIB)和杂交(IBxLW))。对胎儿表型的分析表明，雌性后代有更好的适应反应，这是由她们的基因决定的。当面对产前营养不良时，女性优先考虑重要器官(脑、肝、肺、肾和肠道)的生长，而不是骨骼和肌肉的生长。此外，对脂肪成分的分析表明，女性的必需脂肪酸含量高于男性，伊比利亚人的基因频率也高于杂交胎儿。这些结果对于理解出生后健康和疾病状况的产前规划的种族差异具有很高的翻译价值，并表明产前发育和代谢特征主要由胎儿性别决定，并强烈受胎儿基因型的调节。
The present study aimed to determine whether developmental patterns, adiposity level and fatty-acid composition of fetuses exposed to maternal malnutrition are driven by their sex or their genotype, or both, as these may modulate the adaptive response to the intrauterine environment independently of the maternal genotype. We used a single maternal genotype (purebred Iberian (IB) sows), which was inseminated with heterospermic semen (obtained by mixing semen from Iberian and Large White (LW) boars), to obtain four different subsets of fetuses (male and female, purebred (IBxIB) and crossbred (IBxLW)) in Iberian purebred sows. Analysis of fetal phenotypes indicated a better adaptive response of the female offspring, which was modulated by their genotype. When faced with prenatal undernutrition, females prioritised the growth of vital organs (brain, liver, lungs, kidneys and intestine) at the expense of bone and muscle. Moreover, the analysis of fat composition showed a higher availability of essential fatty acids in the female sex than in their male counterparts and also in the Iberian genotype than in crossbred fetuses. These results are of high translational value for understanding ethnic differences in prenatal programming of postnatal health and disease status, and show evidence that prenatal development and metabolic traits are primarily determined by fetal sex and strongly modulated by fetal genotype.