Strontium isotope dynamics reveal streamflow contributions from shallow flow paths during snowmelt in a montane watershed, Provo River, Utah, USA
Strontium isotope dynamics reveal streamflow contributions from shallow flow paths during snowmelt in a montane watershed, Provo River, Utah, USA
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锶同位素动力学揭示了美国犹他州普罗沃河山地分水岭融雪期间浅水流路径的水流贡献
DOI：
10.1002/hyp.14458
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Aanderud, Zachary T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hale, Colin A.;Carling, Gregory T.;Nelson, Stephen T.;Fernandez, Diego P.;Brooks, Paul D.;Rey, Kevin A.;Tingey, David G.;Packer, Brian N.;Aanderud, Zachary T.
量化融雪到地表水的路径对于预测大气沉降和改变土地利用对山区集水区水质的影响至关重要。为了调查山地普罗沃河流域（美国犹他州）的溶质来源和径流，我们使用了在三个地点（Soapstone、Woodland和Hailstone）跨基岩类型梯度采样的时间序列87 Sr/86 Sr比值。土壤的影响风尘的贡献，与distinct 87 Sr/86 Sr比相对于silicicicobacterium基岩，提供了一个机会，调查浅与深流路径控制水化学。在最上游的站点（Soapstone），Sr浓度平均约为17 μg/L，融雪期间稀释度最小，表明地下水流路径主导了径流。然而，87 Sr/86 Sr比值从基流期间的~0.717下降到融雪期间的~0.713，表明通过粉尘衍生土壤的浅流路径被激活。相比之下，从富锶碳酸盐基岩（林地和冰雹）接收水输入的下游站点在融雪期间表现出Sr的强烈稀释（约120至20 μg/L）和87 Sr/86 Sr比值从约0.7095增加到约0.712。使用Soapstone的87 Sr/86 Sr比值和Sr浓度的三组分混合模型显示，径流期间的直接融雪和冲刷土壤水以及基流期间的地下水占主导地位。在林地和冰雹，一个双组分混合模型显示，在融雪期间，河流是地下水和高达75%的上游河道水的混合物。我们的研究结果突出了冲洗土壤水控制流水排放和化学融雪过程中的重要性，从上游站点的信号传播下游嵌套集水区。此外，风尘有助于山区河流的溶质化学与水质的潜在影响沿着浅流路径。这些表层土壤中的潜在污染物（例如，融雪径流过程中，土壤中的铅沉积对水质有重要影响。
Quantifying the routing of snowmelt to surface water is critical for predicting the impacts of atmospheric deposition and changing land use on water quality in montane catchments. To investigate solute sources and streamflow in the montane Provo River watershed (Utah, USA), we used time‐series87Sr/86Sr ratios sampled at three sites (Soapstone, Woodland and Hailstone) across a gradient of bedrock types. Soils are influenced by aeolian dust contributions, with distinct87Sr/86Sr ratios relative to siliciclastic bedrock, providing an opportunity to investigate shallow versus deeper flow paths for controlling water chemistry. At the most upstream site (Soapstone), Sr concentrations averaged ~17 μg/L with minimal dilution during snowmelt suggesting subsurface flow paths dominated streamflow. However, a decrease in87Sr/86Sr ratios from ~0.717 during baseflow to as low as ~0.713 during snowmelt indicated the activation of shallow flow paths through dust‐derived soils. In contrast, downstream sites receiving water inputs from Sr‐rich carbonate bedrock (Woodland and Hailstone) exhibited strong dilution of Sr from ~120 to 20 μg/L and an increase in87Sr/86Sr ratios from ~0.7095 to ~0.712 during snowmelt. A three‐component mixing model using87Sr/86Sr ratios and Sr concentrations at Soapstone showed water inputs were dominated by direct snowmelt and flushed soil water during runoff and groundwater during baseflow. At Woodland and Hailstone, a two‐component mixing model showed that the river was a mixture of groundwater and up to 75% upstream channel water during snowmelt. Our findings highlight the importance of flushed soil water for controlling stream water discharge and chemistry during snowmelt, with the signal from the upstream site propagating downstream in a nested catchment. Further, aeolian dust contributes to the solute chemistry of montane streams with potential impacts on water quality along shallow flow paths. Potential contaminants in these surface soils (e.g., Pb deposition in dust) may have significant impacts on water quality during snowmelt runoff.
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