Racism, whiteness, and burnout in antiracism movements: How white racial justice activists elevate burnout in racial justice activists of color in the United States
Racism, whiteness, and burnout in antiracism movements: How white racial justice activists elevate burnout in racial justice activists of color in the United States
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DOI：
10.1177/1468796819833871
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Erakat, Noura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorski, Paul C.;Erakat, Noura
社会运动学者将活动家倦怠描述为对社会运动可持续性的巨大威胁——当活动家的压力变得如此压倒性地削弱活动家继续参与的能力时。然而，旨在绘制职业倦怠原因的研究未能解释职业倦怠可能对特权身份活动人士（例如白人反种族主义活动人士）和边缘化身份活动人士（例如有色人种反种族主义活动人士）产生不同的影响。这项研究以之前对种族正义活动家的活动倦怠的研究以及对白人活动家在反种族主义运动中的作用的研究为基础，代表了填补这一空白的一种尝试。我们分析了对经历过倦怠的美国有色人种种族正义活动人士的采访数据，以确定他们如何将自己的倦怠归因于白人活动人士的态度和行为——种族主义。其中包括（1）怀有未进化的或种族主义观点，（2）破坏有色人种活动家的种族正义工作或使其无效，（3）不愿意在需要时挺身而出并采取行动，（4）表现出白人的脆弱性，以及（5）将参与者的种族正义工作和想法归功于自己。讨论了对种族正义运动和白人活动家参与的影响。
Social movement scholars have described activist burnout-when the stressors of activism become so overwhelming they debilitate activists' abilities to remain engaged-as a formidable threat to the sustainability of social movements. However, studies designed to map the causes of burnout have failed to account for ways burnout might operate differently for privileged-identity activists such as white antiracism activists and marginalized-identity activists such as antiracism activists of color. Building on previous studies of activist burnout in racial justice activists and examinations of the roles of white activists in antiracism movements, this study represents one attempt to fill this gap. We analyzed data from interviews with racial justice activists of color in the United States who have experienced burnout to identify the ways they attributed their burnout to the attitudes and behaviors-the racism-of white activists. These included (1) harboring unevolved or racist views, (2) undermining or invalidating the racial justice work of activists of color, (3) being unwilling to step up and take action when needed, (4) exhibiting white fragility, and (5) taking credit for participants' racial justice work and ideas. Implications for racial justice movements and the participation of white activists are discussed.