Anterior forebrain pathway in parrots is necessary for producing learned vocalizations with individual signatures.
Anterior forebrain pathway in parrots is necessary for producing learned vocalizations with individual signatures.
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鹦鹉的前脑通路对于产生具有个体特征的习得发声是必要的。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.014
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Goldberg,JesseH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhao,Zhilei;Teoh,HanKheng;Carpenter,Julie;Nemon,Frieda;Kardon,Brian;Cohen,Itai;Goldberg,JesseH
鹦鹉有巨大的声音模仿能力，并产生独特的声音特征。像鸣禽一样，鹦鹉也有一个有核神经系统，具有不同的前前脑通路（AFP）和后前脑通路（PFP）。为了测试5000万年前分化的鹦鹉和鸣禽的歌声系统是否具有类似的功能组织，我们首先建立了一个神经科学兼容的呼叫和响应行为范式，以引起虎皮鹦鹉（Melopsittacus undulatus）的学习接触呼叫。使用变分自动编码器为基础的机器学习方法，我们表明，联系电话内的附属团体收敛，但个人保持独特的声学特征，或声音签名，即使在调用收敛。接下来，我们暂时灭活AFP的输出，以测试学习发声是否可以单独由PFP产生。在鸣禽中，AFP失活对发声有直接影响，与运动前作用一致。但是，在相反的鸣禽，孤立的PFP是足以产生刻板和声学正常的发声，隔离的虎皮鹦鹉PFP造成的呼叫声学结构，刻板，和个人的独特性退化。因此，AFP的贡献和孤立的PFP产生学习发声的能力在鸣禽和鹦鹉之间存在很大差异，这可能是由它们独特的行为生态学和神经连接所驱动的。
Parrots have enormous vocal imitation capacities and produce individually unique vocal signatures. Like songbirds, parrots have a nucleated neural song system with distinct anterior (AFP) and posterior forebrain pathways (PFP). To test if song systems of parrots and songbirds, which diverged over 50 million years ago, have a similar functional organization, we first established a neuroscience-compatible call-and-response behavioral paradigm to elicit learned contact calls in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Using variational autoencoder-based machine learning methods, we show that contact calls within affiliated groups converge but that individuals maintain unique acoustic features, or vocal signatures, even after call convergence. Next, we transiently inactivated the outputs of AFP to test if learned vocalizations can be produced by the PFP alone. As in songbirds, AFP inactivation had an immediate effect on vocalizations, consistent with a premotor role. But in contrast to songbirds, where the isolated PFP is sufficient to produce stereotyped and acoustically normal vocalizations, isolation of the budgerigar PFP caused a degradation of call acoustic structure, stereotypy, and individual uniqueness. Thus, the contribution of AFP and the capacity of isolated PFP to produce learned vocalizations have diverged substantially between songbirds and parrots, likely driven by their distinct behavioral ecology and neural connectivity.