NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LONGEVITY IN DROSOPHILA
NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LONGEVITY IN DROSOPHILA
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-1910(70)90195-2
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发表时间：
1970-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
BURCOMBE, JV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HOLLINGS.MJ;BURCOMBE, JV
成年黑腹果蝇的寿命是在缺乏食物和水的情况下以及在维持各种饮食的情况下测量的。如果从羽化开始就挨饿，或者只给水，或者只给酵母或酪蛋白，苍蝇只能活几天。它们以葡萄糖为食存活了一段时间，因为葡萄糖的氧化使它们能够调动在成年前积累的食物储备。以葡萄糖和酪蛋白为食物的果蝇寿命不如那些另外接受酵母提取物的果蝇长，也不如那些放在由活酵母细胞发酵的培养基上的果蝇长。没有微生物的苍蝇在含有糖和酵母的高压灭菌培养基上的寿命与在发酵培养基上的寿命一样长。使用防腐剂甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯和抗生素氯霉素达到无菌。这些物质喂给果蝇，即使浓度很高，似乎也没有毒性。由此得出结论：(1)要达到最大寿命，必须在成年果蝇的饮食中加入一种呼吸基质；(2)酵母提供必需氨基酸以外的营养物质；(3)没有理由相信富含营养的饮食会缩短果蝇成虫的寿命。
The longevity ofDrosophila melanogasteradults was measured in the absence of food and water and when maintained on a variety of diets. When starved from the time of emergence, or given only water, or only yeast or casein, the flies live but a few days. On a diet of glucose they live for some time because the oxidation of glucose permits the mobilization of food reserves laid down in pre-adult life. Flies kept on a diet of glucose and casein do not live as long as those which receive a yeast extract in addition, or as long as those kept on a medium fermented by live yeast cells. Flies free of micro-organisms live as long on an autoclaved medium containing sugar and yeast as those on a fermenting medium. Sterility was achieved using the antiseptic methylp-hydroxybenzoate and the antibiotic chloramphenicol. These substances do not seem to be toxic when fed toDrosophilaeven at very high concentrations.It is concluded: (1) that a respiratory substrate must be included in the diet of adultDrosophilaif maximal longevity is to be achieved; (2) yeast supplies nutrients in addition to essential amino acids; (3) there is no reason for believing that a diet rich in nutrients is life-shortening forDrosophilaadults.