Truth Commissions for Chile and El Salvador: A Report and Assessment
Truth Commissions for Chile and El Salvador: A Report and Assessment
复制标题
智利和萨尔瓦多真相委员会：报告和评估
DOI：
10.2307/762563
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Mark Ensalaco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mark Ensalaco
在美洲，智利和萨尔瓦多提供了真相委员会的最新实验。智利真相与和解委员会和萨尔瓦多真相委员会是在不同的政治情况下成立的，目的是找回数十年来政治暴力的真相，并提出旨在防止其再次发生的改革建议。有必要审查真相委员会的工作，因为这两个国家的人权灾难几乎成为美洲人权状况的象征。更切合实际的是，智利和萨尔瓦多的经验赞扬了真相委员会的概念，该委员会在过渡局势中执行现在应被视为一项关键的人权任务：在国际监督下恢复正义事业中的真相，并保护和促进人权。在这篇文章中，我主张惯常地利用真相委员会，也许是作为最近成立的联合国人权事务高级专员办事处工作的一部分，通过评估智利和萨尔瓦多的经验。首先，我审查了两个委员会的任务，并指出智利真相与和解委员会和萨尔瓦多真相委员会的不同政治环境如何解释了这两个委员会之间的重要差异--事实上，它们构成了截然不同的，
In the Americas, Chile and El Salvador have provided the most recent experiments with truth commissions. The Chilean Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the Salvadoran Commission on the Truth were formed in dissimilar political circumstances as means to recover the truth about decades of political violence, and to recommend reforms aimed to prevent its recurrence. A review of the work of the truth commissions is warranted because the human rights calamities in these two countries nearly came to symbolize the human rights situation in the Americas. More pertinently, the Chilean and Salvadoran experiences commend the concept of the truth commission to perform what should now be regarded as a critical human rights task in transitional situations: the internationally supervised recovery of the truth in the cause of justice and the protection and promotion of human rights. In this article I argue for the customary utilization of truth commissions, perhaps as part of the work of the recently established United Nations office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, by way of an assessment of the Chilean and Salvadoran experiences.' First, I examine the mandates of the two commissions and indicate how the different political environments in which the Chilean Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the Salvadoran Commission on the Truth were created account for important differences between the two commissions-indeed, they constitute distinct,