Influence of combined pesticide and parasite exposure on bumblebee colony traits in the laboratory
Influence of combined pesticide and parasite exposure on bumblebee colony traits in the laboratory
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.12188
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Sandrock, Christoph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fauser-Misslin, Aline;Sadd, Ben M.;Sandrock, Christoph
授粉昆虫为经济和生物多样性提供了至关重要的生态系统服务。然而，传粉媒介减少的全球趋势令人担忧。寄生虫和杀虫剂被怀疑是这些下降的主要驱动因素。然而，特别是在关键的野生传粉媒介的情况下，关于这些单个环境压力因素的相对影响以及它们是否相互作用增加有害影响的数据不足。使用完全交叉因子设计，我们研究了实验室暴露于新烟碱类杀虫剂、噻虫嗪和噻虫胺超过9周的时间，以及普遍存在的锥虫肠道寄生虫炸弹虫对大黄蜂各种关键群体特征的影响。研究表明，从蜂群发育的早期阶段开始，长期饮食暴露于田间可能遇到的噻虫嗪和噻虫胺剂量，会导致工蜂产量减少，工蜂寿命缩短，整体蜂群繁殖成功率下降。此外，我们证明了新烟碱暴露和寄生虫感染对母蜂存活的显著相互作用。蜂王的命运与蜂群的成功有着内在的联系，在寄生虫感染和新烟碱暴露的双重压力下，蜂王的存活率最低。这表明综合暴露对这一关键群体性状的有害影响增加。在有压力的自然环境中，预计寄生虫的毒力会更明显，这种综合效应可能会加剧。合成与应用。我们的研究结果重申，饮食中暴露于新烟碱类会影响大黄蜂群体的表现和健康。生态相关压力的综合负面影响表明，在复杂的野外条件下，对长期人口动态会产生额外的不利后果。为了帮助保护传粉者的健康，应在相应的测试准则中考虑对整个生命周期的适应性评估，特别是对非apis蜜蜂，严格纳入农药的慢性和亚致死副作用，以及与常见的自然压力源（如流行的寄生虫）的相互作用。
Pollinating insects provide vital ecosystem services of enormous importance for economies and biodiversity. Yet, there is a concerning global trend of pollinator declines. Parasites and pesticides are among the suspected principle drivers of these declines. However, especially in the case of key wild pollinators, there are insufficient data on the relative impact of these individual environmental stressors and whether they interact to increase detrimental effects. Using a fully crossed factorial design, we investigated how laboratory exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides, thiamethoxam and clothianidin, over a 9-week period and a prevalent trypanosome gut parasite Crithidia bombi affects various crucial colony traits of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris. We show that chronic dietary exposure from an early stage of colony development to doses of thiamethoxam and clothianidin that could be encountered in the field truncated worker production, reduced worker longevity and decreased overall colony reproductive success. Further, we demonstrate a significant interaction between neonicotinoid exposure and parasite infection on mother queen survival. The fate of the mother queen is intrinsically linked to colony success, and under combined pressure of parasite infection and neonicotinoid exposure, mother queen survival was lowest. This indicates increased detrimental effects of combined exposure on this crucial colony trait. Combined effects may be exacerbated in stressful natural environments where more pronounced parasite virulence is expected. Synthesis and applications. Our findings reiterate that dietary exposure to neonicotinoids can impact on bumblebee colony performance and fitness. The indication of combined negative effects of ecologically relevant pressures suggests additional adverse consequences for long-term population dynamics under complex field conditions. To help safeguard pollinator health, whole life-cycle fitness assessments, particularly for non-Apis bees, stringently incorporating chronic and sublethal side effects of pesticides, as well as interactions with common natural stressors, such as prevalent parasites, should be considered in the corresponding test guidelines.